{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/rainier-a-simulation-tool-for-distributions","title":"RAINIER: A Simulation Tool for Distributions of Excited Nuclear States and Cascade Fluctuations","arxiv_id":"1709.04006","date":"2017-09-12","proceeding":null,"authors":["L. E. Kirsch","L. A. Bernstein"],"abstract":"A new code has been developed named RAINIER that simulates the $\\gamma$-ray decay of discrete and quasi-continuum nuclear levels for a user-specified range of energy, angular momentum, and parity including a realistic treatment of level spacing and transition width fluctuations. A similar program, DICEBOX, uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate level and width fluctuations but is restricted to $\\gamma$-ray decay from no more than two initial states such as de-excitation following thermal neutron capture. On the other hand, modern reaction codes such as TALYS and EMPIRE populate a wide range of states in the residual nucleus prior to $\\gamma$-ray decay, but do not go beyond the use of deterministic functions and therefore neglect cascade fluctuations. This combination of capabilities allows RAINIER to be used to determine quasi-continuum properties through comparison with experimental data. Several examples are given that demonstrate how cascade fluctuations influence experimental high-resolution $\\gamma$-ray spectra from reactions that populate a wide range of initial states.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04006v1","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1709.04006v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"rainier-a-simulation-tool-for-distributions","repo_url":"https://github.com/LEKirsch/RAINIER","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"rainier-a-simulation-tool-for-distributions","repo_url":"https://github.com/fzeiser/RAINIER","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"rainier-a-simulation-tool-for-distributions","repo_url":"https://github.com/fzeiser/RAINIER_Fork","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}