{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/planetary-system-lhs-1140-revisited-with","title":"Planetary system LHS 1140 revisited with ESPRESSO and TESS","arxiv_id":"2010.06928","date":"2020-10-14","proceeding":null,"authors":["J. Lillo-Box","P. Figueira","A. Leleu","L. Acuña","J. P. Faria","N. Hara","N. C. Santos","A. C. M. Correia","P. Robutel","M. Deleuil","D. Barrado","S. Sousa","X. Bonfils","O. Mousis","J. M. Almenara","N. Astudillo-Defru","E. Marcq","S. Udry","C. Lovis","F. Pepe"],"abstract":"LHS 1140 is an M dwarf known to host two known transiting planets at orbital periods of 3.77 and 24.7 days. The external planet (LHS 1140 b) is a rocky super-Earth that is located in the middle of the habitable zone of this low-mass star, placing this system at the forefront of the habitable exoplanet exploration. We further characterize this system by improving the physical and orbital properties and search for additional planetary-mass components in the system, also exploring the possibility of co-orbitals. We collected 113 new radial velocity observations with ESPRESSO over a 1.5-year time span with an average photon-noise precision of 1.07 m/s. We determine new masses with a precision of 6% for LHS 1140 b ($6.48 \\pm 0.46~M_{\\oplus}$) and 9% for LHS 1140 c ($m_c=1.78 \\pm 0.17~M_{\\oplus}$), reducing by half the previously published uncertainties. Although both planets have Earth-like bulk compositions, the internal structure analysis suggests that LHS 1140 b might be iron-enriched. In both cases, the water content is compatible to a maximum fraction of 10-12% in mass, which is equivalent to a deep ocean layer of $779 \\pm 650$ km for the habitable-zone planet LHS 1140 b. Our results also provide evidence for a new planet candidate in the system ($m_d= 4.8\\pm1.1~M_{\\oplus}$) on a ~78.9-day orbital period, which is detected through three independent methods. The analysis also allows us to discard other planets above 0.5 $M_{\\oplus}$ for periods shorter than 10 days and above 2 $M_{\\oplus}$ for periods up to one year. Finally, our analysis discards co-orbital planets of LHS 1140 b down to 1 $M_{\\oplus}$. Indications for a possible co-orbital signal in LHS 1140 c are detected in both radial velocity and photometric data, however. The new characterization of the system make it a key target for atmospheric studies of rocky worlds at different stellar irradiations","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06928v1","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.06928v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"planetary-system-lhs-1140-revisited-with","repo_url":"https://github.com/jlillo/tpfplotter","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}