{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/pace-pacing-operator-learning-to-accurate","title":"PACE: Pacing Operator Learning to Accurate Optical Field Simulation for Complicated Photonic Devices","arxiv_id":"2411.03527","date":"2024-11-05","proceeding":null,"authors":["Hanqing Zhu","Wenyan Cong","Guojin Chen","Shupeng Ning","Ray T. Chen","Jiaqi Gu","David Z. Pan"],"abstract":"Electromagnetic field simulation is central to designing, optimizing, and validating photonic devices and circuits. However, costly computation associated with numerical simulation poses a significant bottleneck, hindering scalability and turnaround time in the photonic circuit design process. Neural operators offer a promising alternative, but existing SOTA approaches, NeurOLight, struggle with predicting high-fidelity fields for real-world complicated photonic devices, with the best reported 0.38 normalized mean absolute error in NeurOLight. The inter-plays of highly complex light-matter interaction, e.g., scattering and resonance, sensitivity to local structure details, non-uniform learning complexity for full-domain simulation, and rich frequency information, contribute to the failure of existing neural PDE solvers. In this work, we boost the prediction fidelity to an unprecedented level for simulating complex photonic devices with a novel operator design driven by the above challenges. We propose a novel cross-axis factorized PACE operator with a strong long-distance modeling capacity to connect the full-domain complex field pattern with local device structures. Inspired by human learning, we further divide and conquer the simulation task for extremely hard cases into two progressively easy tasks, with a first-stage model learning an initial solution refined by a second model. On various complicated photonic device benchmarks, we demonstrate one sole PACE model is capable of achieving 73% lower error with 50% fewer parameters compared with various recent ML for PDE solvers. The two-stage setup further advances high-fidelity simulation for even more intricate cases. In terms of runtime, PACE demonstrates 154-577x and 11.8-12x simulation speedup over numerical solver using scipy or highly-optimized pardiso solver, respectively. We open sourced the code and dataset.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.03527v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.03527v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"pace-pacing-operator-learning-to-accurate","repo_url":"https://github.com/zhuhanqing/PACE-Light","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"operator-learning","task_name":"Operator learning"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2411.03527","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.03527"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. 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