{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/nested-multiple-instance-learning-with","title":"Nested Multiple Instance Learning with Attention Mechanisms","arxiv_id":"2111.00947","date":"2021-11-01","proceeding":null,"authors":["Saul Fuster","Trygve Eftestøl","Kjersti Engan"],"abstract":"Strongly supervised learning requires detailed knowledge of truth labels at instance levels, and in many machine learning applications this is a major drawback. Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a popular weakly supervised learning method where truth labels are not available at instance level, but only at bag-of-instances level. However, sometimes the nature of the problem requires a more complex description, where a nested architecture of bag-of-bags at different levels can capture underlying relationships, like similar instances grouped together. Predicting the latent labels of instances or inner-bags might be as important as predicting the final bag-of-bags label but is lost in a straightforward nested setting. We propose a Nested Multiple Instance with Attention (NMIA) model architecture combining the concept of nesting with attention mechanisms. We show that NMIA performs as conventional MIL in simple scenarios and can grasp a complex scenario providing insights to the latent labels at different levels.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00947v3","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.00947v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"nested-multiple-instance-learning-with","repo_url":"https://github.com/Biomedical-Data-Analysis-Laboratory/NMIL_Attention","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"multiple-instance-learning","task_name":"Multiple Instance Learning"},{"task_slug":"time-series","task_name":"Time Series Analysis"},{"task_slug":"weakly-supervised-learning","task_name":"Weakly-supervised Learning"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2111.00947","mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}