{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/ndt-map-code-a-3d-global-descriptor-for-real","title":"NDT-Map-Code: A 3D global descriptor for real-time loop closure detection in lidar SLAM","arxiv_id":"2307.08221","date":"2023-07-17","proceeding":null,"authors":["Lizhou Liao","Wenlei Yan","Li Sun","Xinhui Bai","Zhenxing You","Hongyuan Yuan","Chunyun Fu"],"abstract":"Loop-closure detection, also known as place recognition, aiming to identify previously visited locations, is an essential component of a SLAM system. Existing research on lidar-based loop closure heavily relies on dense point cloud and 360 FOV lidars. This paper proposes an out-of-the-box NDT (Normal Distribution Transform) based global descriptor, NDT-Map-Code, designed for both on-road driving and underground valet parking scenarios. NDT-Map-Code can be directly extracted from the NDT map without the need for a dense point cloud, resulting in excellent scalability and low maintenance cost. The NDT representation is leveraged to identify representative patterns, which are further encoded according to their spatial location (bearing, range, and height). Experimental results on the NIO underground parking lot dataset and the KITTI dataset demonstrate that our method achieves significantly better performance compared to the state-of-the-art.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.08221v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.08221v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"ndt-map-code-a-3d-global-descriptor-for-real","repo_url":"https://github.com/SlamCabbage/NDTMC","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"ndt-map-code-a-3d-global-descriptor-for-real","repo_url":"https://github.com/SlamCabbage/NDTMC-LIO-SAM","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}