{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/mastering-strategy-card-game-legends-of-code","title":"Mastering Strategy Card Game (Legends of Code and Magic) via End-to-End Policy and Optimistic Smooth Fictitious Play","arxiv_id":"2303.04096","date":"2023-03-07","proceeding":null,"authors":["Wei Xi","Yongxin Zhang","Changnan Xiao","Xuefeng Huang","Shihong Deng","Haowei Liang","Jie Chen","Peng Sun"],"abstract":"Deep Reinforcement Learning combined with Fictitious Play shows impressive results on many benchmark games, most of which are, however, single-stage. In contrast, real-world decision making problems may consist of multiple stages, where the observation spaces and the action spaces can be completely different across stages. We study a two-stage strategy card game Legends of Code and Magic and propose an end-to-end policy to address the difficulties that arise in multi-stage game. We also propose an optimistic smooth fictitious play algorithm to find the Nash Equilibrium for the two-player game. Our approach wins double championships of COG2022 competition. Extensive studies verify and show the advancement of our approach.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04096v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.04096v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"mastering-strategy-card-game-legends-of-code","repo_url":"https://github.com/ronaldosvieira/gym-locm","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"decision-making","task_name":"Decision Making"},{"task_slug":"deep-reinforcement-learning","task_name":"Deep Reinforcement Learning"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}