{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/linguistic-profiling-of-deepfakes-an-open","title":"Linguistic Profiling of Deepfakes: An Open Database for Next-Generation Deepfake Detection","arxiv_id":"2401.02335","date":"2024-01-04","proceeding":null,"authors":["Yabin Wang","Zhiwu Huang","Zhiheng Ma","Xiaopeng Hong"],"abstract":"The emergence of text-to-image generative models has revolutionized the field of deepfakes, enabling the creation of realistic and convincing visual content directly from textual descriptions. However, this advancement presents considerably greater challenges in detecting the authenticity of such content. Existing deepfake detection datasets and methods often fall short in effectively capturing the extensive range of emerging deepfakes and offering satisfactory explanatory information for detection. To address the significant issue, this paper introduces a deepfake database (DFLIP-3K) for the development of convincing and explainable deepfake detection. It encompasses about 300K diverse deepfake samples from approximately 3K generative models, which boasts the largest number of deepfake models in the literature. Moreover, it collects around 190K linguistic footprints of these deepfakes. The two distinguished features enable DFLIP-3K to develop a benchmark that promotes progress in linguistic profiling of deepfakes, which includes three sub-tasks namely deepfake detection, model identification, and prompt prediction. The deepfake model and prompt are two essential components of each deepfake, and thus dissecting them linguistically allows for an invaluable exploration of trustworthy and interpretable evidence in deepfake detection, which we believe is the key for the next-generation deepfake detection. Furthermore, DFLIP-3K is envisioned as an open database that fosters transparency and encourages collaborative efforts to further enhance its growth. Our extensive experiments on the developed benchmark verify that our DFLIP-3K database is capable of serving as a standardized resource for evaluating and comparing linguistic-based deepfake detection, identification, and prompt prediction techniques.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02335v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.02335v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"linguistic-profiling-of-deepfakes-an-open","repo_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"deepfake-detection","task_name":"DeepFake Detection"},{"task_slug":"face-swapping","task_name":"Face Swapping"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2401.02335","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2401.02335","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.02335"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"ran":5,"unverified":3},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":8,"ran":5,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"fcf321aa47474c75","entry":"create_dataloader","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/safety_detector/safety_checker.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/src/safety_detector/safety_checker.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"fcf321aa47474c75"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"df55583b9c1822dd","entry":"load_model","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"df55583b9c1822dd"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"4b4d79cac96cbf27","entry":"model_hash","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":true,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"4b4d79cac96cbf27"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"a7dc320a88be2f18","entry":"preprocess","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"read_doc.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/read_doc.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":true,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"a7dc320a88be2f18"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"00b94adf3a8669df","entry":"read_json_file","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/download_models.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/download_models.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"00b94adf3a8669df"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"b079cc15fdea6e31","entry":"cal_cross_attn","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/ASimilarityCalculatior.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"b079cc15fdea6e31"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"87a7a854ddf1745e","entry":"get_aesthetic_model","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/evaluate.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/evaluate.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"87a7a854ddf1745e"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"01fd34228f279be3","entry":"get_download_urls","repo":"dflip3k/dflip-3k","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils/download_models.py","file_url":"https://github.com/dflip3k/dflip-3k/blob/HEAD/utils/download_models.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"01fd34228f279be3"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}