{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/leveraging-p90-requirement-flexible-resources","title":"Leveraging P90 Requirement: Flexible Resources Bidding in Nordic Ancillary Service Markets","arxiv_id":"2404.12807","date":"2024-04-19","proceeding":null,"authors":["Peter A. V. Gade","Henrik W. Bindner","Jalal Kazempour"],"abstract":"The P90 requirement of the Danish transmission system operator, Energinet, incentivizes flexible resources with stochastic power consumption/production baseline to bid in Nordic ancillary service markets with the minimum reliability of 90%, i.e., letting them cause reserve shortfall with the probability of up to 10%. Leveraging this requirement, we develop a distributionally robust joint chance-constrained optimization model for aggregators of flexible resources to optimize their volume of reserve capacity to be offered. Having an aggregator of electric vehicles as a case study, we show how distributional robustness is key for the aggregator when making bidding decisions in a non-stationary uncertain environment. We also develop a heuristic based on a grid search for the system operator to adjust the P90 requirement and the level of conservativeness, aiming to procure the maximum reserve capacity from stochastic resources with least expected shortfall.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12807v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.12807v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"leveraging-p90-requirement-flexible-resources","repo_url":"https://github.com/peteravg/p90_drjcc","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[{"method_slug":null,"method_name":null}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}