{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/gwtc-1-a-gravitational-wave-transient-catalog","title":"GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs","arxiv_id":"1811.12907","date":"2018-11-30","proceeding":null,"authors":["The LIGO Scientific Collaboration","the Virgo Collaboration","B. P. Abbott","R. Abbott","T. D. Abbott","S. Abraham","F. Acernese","K. Ackley","C. Adams","R. X. Adhikari","V. B. Adya","C. Affeldt","M. Agathos","K. Agatsuma","N. Aggarwal","O. D. Aguiar","L. Aiello","A. Ain","P. 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Trozzo","R. Trudeau","K. W. Tsang","M. Tse","R. Tso","L. Tsukada","D. Tsuna","D. Tuyenbayev","K. Ueno","D. Ugolini","C. S. Unnikrishnan","A. L. Urban","S. A. Usman","H. Vahlbruch","G. Vajente","G. Valdes","N. van Bakel","M. van Beuzekom","J. F. J. van den Brand","C. Van Den Broeck","D. C. Vander-Hyde","J. V. van Heijningen","L. van der Schaaf","A. A. van Veggel","M. Vardaro","V. Varma","S. Vass","M. Vasúth","A. Vecchio","G. Vedovato","J. Veitch","P. J. Veitch","K. Venkateswara","G. Venugopalan","D. Verkindt","F. Vetrano","A. Viceré","A. D. Viets","D. J. Vine","J. -Y. Vinet","S. Vitale","T. Vo","H. Vocca","C. Vorvick","S. P. Vyatchanin","A. R. Wade","L. E. Wade","M. Wade","R. Walet","M. Walker","L. Wallace","S. Walsh","G. Wang","H. Wang","J. Z. Wang","W. H. Wang","Y. F. Wang","R. L. Ward","Z. A. Warden","J. Warner","M. Was","J. Watchi","B. Weaver","L. -W. Wei","M. Weinert","A. J. Weinstein","R. Weiss","F. Wellmann","L. Wen","E. K. Wessel","P. Weßels","J. W. Westhouse","K. Wette","J. T. Whelan","L. V. White","B. F. Whiting","C. Whittle","D. M. Wilken","D. Williams","A. R. Williamson","J. L. Willis","B. Willke","M. H. Wimmer","W. Winkler","C. C. Wipf","H. Wittel","G. Woan","J. Woehler","J. K. Wofford","J. Worden","J. L. Wright","D. S. Wu","D. M. Wysocki","L. Xiao","H. Yamamoto","C. C. Yancey","L. Yang","M. J. Yap","M. Yazback","D. W. Yeeles","Hang Yu","Haocun Yu","S. H. R. Yuen","M. Yvert","A. K. Zadrożny","M. Zanolin","F. Zappa","T. Zelenova","J. -P. Zendri","M. Zevin","J. Zhang","L. Zhang","T. Zhang","C. Zhao","M. Zhou","Z. Zhou","X. J. Zhu","A. B. Zimmerman","Y. Zlochower","M. E. Zucker","J. Zweizig"],"abstract":"We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1$\\mathrm{M}_\\odot$ during the first and second observing runs of the Advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September $12^\\mathrm{th}$, 2015 to January $19^\\mathrm{th}$, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November $30^\\mathrm{th}$, 2016 to August $25^\\mathrm{th}$, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818 and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between $18.6_{-0.7}^{+3.2}\\mathrm{M}_\\odot$, and $84.4_{-11.1}^{+15.8} \\mathrm{M}_\\odot$, and range in distance between $320_{-110}^{+120}$ Mpc and $2840_{-1360}^{+1400}$ Mpc. No neutron star - black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of $110\\, -\\, 3840$ $\\mathrm{Gpc}^{-3}\\,\\mathrm{y}^{-1}$ for binary neutron stars and $9.7\\, -\\, 101$ $\\mathrm{Gpc}^{-3}\\,\\mathrm{y}^{-1}$ for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions, and determine a neutron star - black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of $610$ $\\mathrm{Gpc}^{-3}\\,\\mathrm{y}^{-1}$.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.12907v3","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.12907v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"gwtc-1-a-gravitational-wave-transient-catalog","repo_url":"https://github.com/kcroker/cnf-geodes","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/1811.12907","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1811.12907","mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}