{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/gliese-12-b-a-temperate-earth-sized-planet-at-1","title":"Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS","arxiv_id":"2405.13118","date":"2024-05-21","proceeding":null,"authors":["Shishir Dholakia","Larissa Palethorpe","Alexander Venner","Annelies Mortier","Thomas G. Wilson","Chelsea X. Huang","Ken Rice","Vincent Van Eylen","Emma Nabbie","Ryan Cloutier","Walter Boschin","David Ciardi","Laetitia Delrez","Georgina Dransfield","Elsa Ducrot","Zahra Essack","Mark E. Everett","Michaël Gillon","Matthew J. Hooton","Michelle Kunimoto","David W. Latham","Mercedes López-Morales","Bin Li","Fan Li","Scott McDermott","Simon Murphy","Catriona A. Murray","Sara Seager","Mathilde Timmermans","Amaury Triaud","Daisy A. Turner","Joseph D. Twicken","Andrew Vanderburg","Su Wang","Robert A. Wittenmyer","Duncan Wright"],"abstract":"We report on the discovery of Gliese 12 b, the nearest transiting temperate, Earth-sized planet found to date. Gliese 12 is a bright ($V=12.6$ mag, $K=7.8$ mag) metal-poor M4V star only $12.162\\pm0.005$ pc away from the Solar System with one of the lowest stellar activity levels known for an M-dwarf. A planet candidate was detected by TESS based on only 3 transits in sectors 42, 43, and 57, with an ambiguity in the orbital period due to observational gaps. We performed follow-up transit observations with CHEOPS and ground-based photometry with MINERVA-Australis, SPECULOOS, and Purple Mountain Observatory, as well as further TESS observations in sector 70. We statistically validate Gliese 12 b as a planet with an orbital period of $12.76144\\pm0.00006$ days and a radius of $1.0\\pm{0.1}$ R$_\\oplus$, resulting in an equilibrium temperature of $\\sim$315K. Gliese 12 b has excellent future prospects for precise mass measurement, which may inform how planetary internal structure is affected by the stellar compositional environment. Gliese 12 b also represents one of the best targets to study whether Earth-like planets orbiting cool stars can retain their atmospheres, a crucial step to advance our understanding of habitability on Earth and across the Galaxy.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.13118v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.13118v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"gliese-12-b-a-temperate-earth-sized-planet-at-1","repo_url":"https://github.com/LucaMalavolta/PyORBIT","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"jax","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}