{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/fundamental-bounds-on-the-precision-of","title":"Fundamental bounds on the precision of classical phase microscopes","arxiv_id":"2011.04799","date":"2020-11-09","proceeding":null,"authors":["Dorian Bouchet","Jonathan Dong","Dante Maestre","Thomas Juffmann"],"abstract":"A wide variety of imaging systems have been designed to measure phase variations, with applications from physics to biology and medicine. In this work, we theoretically compare the precision of phase estimations achievable with classical phase microscopy techniques, operated at the shot-noise limit. We show how the Cram\\'{e}r-Rao bound is calculated for any linear optical system, including phase-contrast microscopy, phase-shifting holography, spatial light interference microscopy, and local optimization of wavefronts for phase imaging. Through these examples, we demonstrate how this general framework can be applied for the design and optimization of classical phase microscopes. Our results show that wavefront shaping is required to design phase microscopes with optimal phase precision.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.04799v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.04799v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"fundamental-bounds-on-the-precision-of","repo_url":"https://github.com/JuffmannLab/PhaseMicroscopyCRB","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}