{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/framing-word-sense-disambiguation-as-a-multi","title":"Framing Word Sense Disambiguation as a Multi-Label Problem for Model-Agnostic Knowledge Integration","arxiv_id":null,"date":"2021-04-01","proceeding":"EACL 2021 2","authors":["Simone Conia","Roberto Navigli"],"abstract":"Recent studies treat Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) as a single-label classification problem in which one is asked to choose only the best-fitting sense for a target word, given its context. However, gold data labelled by expert annotators suggest that maximizing the probability of a single sense may not be the most suitable training objective for WSD, especially if the sense inventory of choice is fine-grained. In this paper, we approach WSD as a multi-label classification problem in which multiple senses can be assigned to each target word. Not only does our simple method bear a closer resemblance to how human annotators disambiguate text, but it can also be seamlessly extended to exploit structured knowledge from semantic networks to achieve state-of-the-art results in English all-words WSD.","url_abs":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.eacl-main.286","url_pdf":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.eacl-main.286.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"framing-word-sense-disambiguation-as-a-multi","repo_url":"https://github.com/sapienzanlp/multilabel-wsd","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"multi-label-classification-2","task_name":"MUlTI-LABEL-ClASSIFICATION"},{"task_slug":"multi-label-classification","task_name":"Multi-Label Classification"},{"task_slug":"word-sense-disambiguation","task_name":"Word Sense Disambiguation"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}