{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/formalizing-distribution-inference-risks","title":"Formalizing Distribution Inference Risks","arxiv_id":"2106.03699","date":"2021-06-07","proceeding":null,"authors":["Anshuman Suri","David Evans"],"abstract":"Property inference attacks reveal statistical properties about a training set but are difficult to distinguish from the primary purposes of statistical machine learning, which is to produce models that capture statistical properties about a distribution. Motivated by Yeom et al.'s membership inference framework, we propose a formal and generic definition of property inference attacks. The proposed notion describes attacks that can distinguish between possible training distributions, extending beyond previous property inference attacks that infer the ratio of a particular type of data in the training data set. In this paper, we show how our definition captures previous property inference attacks as well as a new attack that reveals the average degree of nodes of a training graph and report on experiments giving insight into the potential risks of property inference attacks.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03699v4","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.03699v4.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"formalizing-distribution-inference-risks","repo_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"paper_slug":"formalizing-distribution-inference-risks","repo_url":"https://github.com/epfl-dlab/property-inference-attacks","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2106.03699","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2106.03699"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"deterministic:regex_extraction","url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution","reach":{"status":"gone","observed_at":"2026-09-17","how":"tree_404+repo_404"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/epfl-dlab/property-inference-attacks","reach":null}],"summary":{"ran":1,"ran_draft_wrong":3,"unverified":12},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":15,"ran":3,"repositories":1},"listed":{"samples":1,"ran":1,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"f69ab921c74d20dd","entry":"DeepSets","repo":"epfl-dlab/property-inference-attacks","repo_kind":"listed","path":"propinfer/deepsets.py","file_url":"https://github.com/epfl-dlab/property-inference-attacks/blob/HEAD/propinfer/deepsets.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"f69ab921c74d20dd"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"6eff479cbea3e29a","entry":"find_to_prune_for_mean_degree","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/data_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/data_utils.py","link_basis":"plan_row","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"6eff479cbea3e29a"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"f40e50279ebbef17","entry":"find_to_prune_for_threshold_degree","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/data_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/data_utils.py","link_basis":"plan_row","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"f40e50279ebbef17"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"aff1bea8d51561a3","entry":"neighbor_removal","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/data_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/data_utils.py","link_basis":"plan_row","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"aff1bea8d51561a3"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"706ebea7a9142d87","entry":"extract_model_weights","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/meta_regress.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/meta_regress.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"706ebea7a9142d87"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"af02646c3c6280d9","entry":"get_model","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"census/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/census/model_utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"af02646c3c6280d9"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"a14eb1059b998b40","entry":"get_model_folder_path","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"boneage/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/boneage/model_utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"a14eb1059b998b40"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"99824846ec38d874","entry":"get_model_preds","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/perf_tests.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/perf_tests.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"99824846ec38d874"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"78e3c2d0b8ee5189","entry":"get_model_representations","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"census/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/census/model_utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"78e3c2d0b8ee5189"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"713f29bfaa8a9630","entry":"layer_output","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"census/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/census/model_utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"713f29bfaa8a9630"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"744d18d79255848c","entry":"load_all_loader_data","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"744d18d79255848c"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"b0d543ba1f0f69c7","entry":"load_model","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"boneage/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/boneage/model_utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"b0d543ba1f0f69c7"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"0d35d1ccf120ef81","entry":"scaled_values","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"0d35d1ccf120ef81"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"402b17de9d91f42e","entry":"test","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/model_utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"402b17de9d91f42e"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"5e91ee8bb1615456","entry":"train","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/model_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/model_utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"5e91ee8bb1615456"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"2c02460ce32daf02","entry":"train_model","repo":"iamgroot42/distribution_inference","repo_kind":"official","path":"arxiv/meta_regress.py","file_url":"https://github.com/iamgroot42/distribution_inference/blob/HEAD/arxiv/meta_regress.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"2c02460ce32daf02"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}