{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/feverous-fact-extraction-and-verification","title":"FEVEROUS: Fact Extraction and VERification Over Unstructured and Structured information","arxiv_id":"2106.05707","date":"2021-06-10","proceeding":null,"authors":["Rami Aly","Zhijiang Guo","Michael Schlichtkrull","James Thorne","Andreas Vlachos","Christos Christodoulopoulos","Oana Cocarascu","Arpit Mittal"],"abstract":"Fact verification has attracted a lot of attention in the machine learning and natural language processing communities, as it is one of the key methods for detecting misinformation. Existing large-scale benchmarks for this task have focused mostly on textual sources, i.e. unstructured information, and thus ignored the wealth of information available in structured formats, such as tables. In this paper we introduce a novel dataset and benchmark, Fact Extraction and VERification Over Unstructured and Structured information (FEVEROUS), which consists of 87,026 verified claims. Each claim is annotated with evidence in the form of sentences and/or cells from tables in Wikipedia, as well as a label indicating whether this evidence supports, refutes, or does not provide enough information to reach a verdict. Furthermore, we detail our efforts to track and minimize the biases present in the dataset and could be exploited by models, e.g. being able to predict the label without using evidence. Finally, we develop a baseline for verifying claims against text and tables which predicts both the correct evidence and verdict for 18% of the claims.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.05707v3","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.05707v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"feverous-fact-extraction-and-verification","repo_url":"https://github.com/Raldir/FEVEROUS","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"fact-verification","task_name":"Fact Verification"},{"task_slug":"misinformation","task_name":"Misinformation"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[{"slug":"feverous","name":"FEVEROUS","full_name":"Fact Extraction and VERification Over Unstructured and Structured information"}],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2106.05707","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2106.05707","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2106.05707"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. 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