{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/exploring-the-m-dwarf-luminosity-temperature","title":"Exploring the M-dwarf Luminosity--Temperature--Radius Relationships using Gaia DR2","arxiv_id":"1908.03025","date":"2019-08-08","proceeding":null,"authors":["Sam Morrell","Tim Naylor"],"abstract":"There is growing evidence that M-dwarf stars suffer radius inflation when compared to theoretical models, suggesting that models are missing some key physics required to completely describe stars at effective temperatures $(T_{\\rm SED})$ less than about 4000K. The advent of Gaia DR2 distances finally makes available large datasets to determine the nature and extent of this effect. We employ an all-sky sample, comprising of $>$15\\,000 stars, to determine empirical relationships between luminosity, temperature and radius. This is accomplished using only geometric distances and multiwave-band photometry, by utilising a modified spectral energy distribution fitting method. The radii we measure show an inflation of $3 - 7\\%$ compared to models, but no more than a $1 - 2\\%$ intrinsic spread in the inflated sequence. We show that we are currently able to determine M-dwarf radii to an accuracy of $2.4\\%$ using our method. However, we determine that this is limited by the precision of metallicity measurements, which contribute $1.7\\%$ to the measured radius scatter. We also present evidence that stellar magnetism is currently unable to explain radius inflation in M-dwarfs.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03025v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.03025v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"exploring-the-m-dwarf-luminosity-temperature","repo_url":"https://github.com/sammorrell/mn19-supplementary-material","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}