{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/exploring-dark-photon-production-and-kinetic","title":"Exploring Dark Photon Production and Kinetic Mixing Constraints in Heavy-Ion Collisions","arxiv_id":"2412.02536","date":"2024-12-03","proceeding":null,"authors":["Adrian William Romero Jorge","Elena Bratkovskaya","Taesoo Song","Laura Sagunski"],"abstract":"Vector $U$-bosons, often referred to as 'dark photons', are potential candidates for mediating dark matter interactions. In this study, we outline a procedure to derive theoretical constraints on the upper bound of the kinetic mixing parameter $\\epsilon^2(M_U)$ using dilepton data from heavy-ion from SIS to RHIC energies. The analysis is based on the microscopic Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport model, which successfully reproduces the measured dilepton spectra in $p+p$, $p+A$, and $A+A$ collisions. Besides the dilepton channels resulting from interactions and decays of Standard Model particles (such as mesons and baryons), we extend the PHSD approach to include the decay of hypothetical $U$-bosons into dileptons, $U \\to e^+ e^-$. The production of these $U$-bosons occurs via Dalitz decays of pions, $\\eta$-mesons, $\\omega$-mesons, Delta resonances, as well as from the decays of vector mesons and $K^+$ mesons. This analysis provides an upper limit on $\\epsilon^2(M_U)$ and offers insights into the accuracy required for future experimental searches for dark photons through dilepton experiments.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.02536v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.02536v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"exploring-dark-photon-production-and-kinetic","repo_url":"https://github.com/ajorge2022/data_-arXiv-2412.02536","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}