{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/evidence-of-water-vapor-in-the-atmosphere-of","title":"Evidence of Water Vapor in the Atmosphere of a Metal-Rich Hot Saturn with High-Resolution Transmission Spectroscopy","arxiv_id":"2407.01266","date":"2024-07-01","proceeding":null,"authors":["Sayyed A. Rafi","Stevanus K. Nugroho","Motohide Tamura","Lisa Nortmann","Alejandro Sánchez-López"],"abstract":"Transmission spectroscopy presents one of the most successful approaches for investigating the atmospheres of exoplanets. We analyzed the near-infrared high-resolution transmission spectrum of a hot Saturn, HD 149026 b, taken using CARMENES spectrograph ($\\mathcal{R}\\sim80,400$). We found evidence of H$_2$O at an S/N of $\\sim$4.8. We also performed grid search using a Bayesian framework and constrained the orbital velocity $K_\\mathrm{p}$ and rest velocity $V_{\\mathrm{rest}}$ to $158.17^{+8.31}_{-7.90}$ $\\mathrm{km\\ s}^{-1}$ and $2.57^{+0.54}_{-0.57}$ $\\mathrm{km\\ s}^{-1}$, respectively. Whilst the retrieved $K_\\mathrm{p}$ value is consistent with theoretical prediction, the retrieved $V_{\\mathrm{rest}}$ value is highly red-shifted ($>$3-$\\sigma$). This might be an indication of either anomalous atmospheric dynamics at play or an orbit with non-zero eccentricity. Additionally, we searched for HCN but no successful detection has been made possibly due to the relatively low S/N dataset. The detection of H$_2$O and subsequent abundance retrieval, coupled with analysis of other species such as CO at the $K$-band, for example, might help us to get some information about the atmospheric C/O ratio and metallicity, which in turn could give us some insight into the planet formation scenario.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.01266v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2407.01266v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"evidence-of-water-vapor-in-the-atmosphere-of","repo_url":"https://github.com/salirafi/High-Resolution-Transmission-Spectroscopy-Analysis-of-HD-149026-b","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}