{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/entity-recognition-at-first-sight-improving","title":"Entity Recognition at First Sight: Improving NER with Eye Movement Information","arxiv_id":"1902.10068","date":"2019-02-26","proceeding":"NAACL 2019 6","authors":["Nora Hollenstein","Ce Zhang"],"abstract":"Previous research shows that eye-tracking data contains information about the\nlexical and syntactic properties of text, which can be used to improve natural\nlanguage processing models. In this work, we leverage eye movement features\nfrom three corpora with recorded gaze information to augment a state-of-the-art\nneural model for named entity recognition (NER) with gaze embeddings. These\ncorpora were manually annotated with named entity labels. Moreover, we show how\ngaze features, generalized on word type level, eliminate the need for recorded\neye-tracking data at test time. The gaze-augmented models for NER using\ntoken-level and type-level features outperform the baselines. We present the\nbenefits of eye-tracking features by evaluating the NER models on both\nindividual datasets as well as in cross-domain settings.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10068v2","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.10068v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"entity-recognition-at-first-sight-improving","repo_url":"https://github.com/DS3Lab/ner-at-first-sight","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"cg","task_name":"NER"},{"task_slug":"named-entity-recognition-1","task_name":"Named Entity Recognition"},{"task_slug":"named-entity-recognition-ner","task_name":"Named Entity Recognition (NER)"},{"task_slug":"named-entity-recognition","task_name":"named-entity-recognition"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1902.10068","mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}