{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","title":"DeepWalk: Online Learning of Social Representations","arxiv_id":"1403.6652","date":"2014-03-26","proceeding":null,"authors":["Bryan Perozzi","Rami Al-Rfou","Steven Skiena"],"abstract":"We present DeepWalk, a novel approach for learning latent representations of\nvertices in a network. These latent representations encode social relations in\na continuous vector space, which is easily exploited by statistical models.\nDeepWalk generalizes recent advancements in language modeling and unsupervised\nfeature learning (or deep learning) from sequences of words to graphs. DeepWalk\nuses local information obtained from truncated random walks to learn latent\nrepresentations by treating walks as the equivalent of sentences. We\ndemonstrate DeepWalk's latent representations on several multi-label network\nclassification tasks for social networks such as BlogCatalog, Flickr, and\nYouTube. Our results show that DeepWalk outperforms challenging baselines which\nare allowed a global view of the network, especially in the presence of missing\ninformation. DeepWalk's representations can provide $F_1$ scores up to 10%\nhigher than competing methods when labeled data is sparse. In some experiments,\nDeepWalk's representations are able to outperform all baseline methods while\nusing 60% less training data. DeepWalk is also scalable. It is an online\nlearning algorithm which builds useful incremental results, and is trivially\nparallelizable. These qualities make it suitable for a broad class of real\nworld applications such as network classification, and anomaly detection.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6652v2","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.6652v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/Robotmurlock/Deepwalk-and-Node2vec","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/benedekrozemberczki/karateclub","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/gen3111620/DeepWalk","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/leihuayi/NetworkEmbedding","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/ninoxjy/graph-embedding","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/oj9040/GraphSAGE_RL","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/printfer/CS6490_NetworkSecurity_FinalProject","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/rforgione/deepwalk","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/syyunn/node2vec","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/williamleif/GraphSAGE","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"unanswered"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/zxhhh97/ABot","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleRec/tree/master/models/recall/deepwalk","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"paddle","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/phanein/deepwalk","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"deepwalk-online-learning-of-social","repo_url":"https://github.com/shenweichen/GraphEmbedding","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"tf","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"anomaly-detection","task_name":"Anomaly Detection"},{"task_slug":"language-modeling","task_name":"Language Modeling"},{"task_slug":"language-modelling","task_name":"Language Modelling"},{"task_slug":"node-classification","task_name":"Node Classification"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"deepwalk","method_name":"DeepWalk"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[{"slug":"deepwalk","name":"DeepWalk","full_name":"DeepWalk"}],"results":[{"leaderboard":"/sota/document-classification-on-cora","task":"Document Classification","dataset":"Cora","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":6,"of":6,"metrics":{"Accuracy":"67.2%"},"uses_additional_data":false},{"leaderboard":"/sota/link-property-prediction-on-ogbl-collab","task":"Link Property Prediction","dataset":"ogbl-collab","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":25,"of":34,"metrics":{"Ext. data":"No","Number of params":"61390187","Test Hits@50":"0.5037 ± 0.0034","Validation Hits@50":"Please tell us"},"uses_additional_data":false},{"leaderboard":"/sota/link-property-prediction-on-ogbl-ddi","task":"Link Property Prediction","dataset":"ogbl-ddi","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":28,"of":31,"metrics":{"Ext. data":"No","Number of params":"1543913","Test Hits@20":"0.2246 ± 0.0290","Validation Hits@20":"Please tell us"},"uses_additional_data":false},{"leaderboard":"/sota/link-property-prediction-on-ogbl-ppa","task":"Link Property Prediction","dataset":"ogbl-ppa","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":23,"of":26,"metrics":{"Ext. data":"No","Number of params":"150138741","Test Hits@100":"0.2302 ± 0.0163","Validation Hits@100":"Please tell us"},"uses_additional_data":false},{"leaderboard":"/sota/node-classification-on-blogcatalog","task":"Node Classification","dataset":"Eximtradedata","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":2,"of":5,"metrics":{"Accuracy":"22.5%","Macro-F1":"0.214"},"uses_additional_data":false},{"leaderboard":"/sota/node-classification-on-wikipedia","task":"Node Classification","dataset":"Wikipedia","model":"DeepWalk","rank_in_archive_order":3,"of":6,"metrics":{"Accuracy":"19.4%","Macro-F1":"0.183"},"uses_additional_data":false}],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/1403.6652","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1403.6652","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1403.6652"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/Robotmurlock/Deepwalk-and-Node2vec","reach":null},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/shenweichen/GraphEmbedding","reach":null},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/syyunn/node2vec","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleRec/tree/master/models/recall/deepwalk","reach":null},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/rforgione/deepwalk","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/printfer/CS6490_NetworkSecurity_FinalProject","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/zxhhh97/ABot","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/ninoxjy/graph-embedding","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/williamleif/GraphSAGE","reach":{"status":"unanswered"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/oj9040/GraphSAGE_RL","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/gen3111620/DeepWalk","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/phanein/deepwalk","reach":null},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/leihuayi/NetworkEmbedding","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/benedekrozemberczki/karateclub","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}}],"summary":{"ran_draft_wrong":2,"unverified":1},"by_repo_kind":{"listed":{"samples":3,"ran":2,"repositories":3}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":1,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"bb422da5f51cae55","entry":"random_walk_factory","repo":"Robotmurlock/Deepwalk-and-Node2vec","repo_kind":"listed","path":"shallow_encoders/graph/random_walk_generator.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Robotmurlock/Deepwalk-and-Node2vec/blob/HEAD/shallow_encoders/graph/random_walk_generator.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"OUTPUT_MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"bb422da5f51cae55"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"941b18b4d5d1d711","entry":"sparse2graph","repo":"phanein/deepwalk","repo_kind":"listed","path":"example_graphs/scoring.py","file_url":"https://github.com/phanein/deepwalk/blob/HEAD/example_graphs/scoring.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"OUTPUT_MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"deterministic","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NOASSERTION","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"941b18b4d5d1d711"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"c00f1d9594b0678a","entry":"custom_doc_links","repo":"rforgione/deepwalk","repo_kind":"listed","path":"deepwalk/_nbdev.py","file_url":"https://github.com/rforgione/deepwalk/blob/HEAD/deepwalk/_nbdev.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"Apache-2.0","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c00f1d9594b0678a"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}