{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/crowdsourcing-question-answer-meaning","title":"Crowdsourcing Question-Answer Meaning Representations","arxiv_id":"1711.05885","date":"2017-11-16","proceeding":"NAACL 2018 6","authors":["Julian Michael","Gabriel Stanovsky","Luheng He","Ido Dagan","Luke Zettlemoyer"],"abstract":"We introduce Question-Answer Meaning Representations (QAMRs), which represent\nthe predicate-argument structure of a sentence as a set of question-answer\npairs. We also develop a crowdsourcing scheme to show that QAMRs can be labeled\nwith very little training, and gather a dataset with over 5,000 sentences and\n100,000 questions. A detailed qualitative analysis demonstrates that the\ncrowd-generated question-answer pairs cover the vast majority of\npredicate-argument relationships in existing datasets (including PropBank,\nNomBank, QA-SRL, and AMR) along with many previously under-resourced ones,\nincluding implicit arguments and relations. The QAMR data and annotation code\nis made publicly available to enable future work on how best to model these\ncomplex phenomena.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.05885v1","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.05885v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"crowdsourcing-question-answer-meaning","repo_url":"https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"sentence","task_name":"Sentence"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[{"slug":"qamr","name":"QAMR","full_name":"Question-Answer Meaning Representation Dataset"}],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1711.05885","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1711.05885"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":2},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":2,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"9bf5062ad30fb0b1","entry":"align","repo":"uwnlp/qamr","repo_kind":"official","path":"code/qamr-graphs/convert_dropbox.py","file_url":"https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/blob/HEAD/code/qamr-graphs/convert_dropbox.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"9bf5062ad30fb0b1"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"c4eaa12adea5e298","entry":"ignore_answer","repo":"uwnlp/qamr","repo_kind":"official","path":"code/qamr-graphs/convert_dropbox.py","file_url":"https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/blob/HEAD/code/qamr-graphs/convert_dropbox.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c4eaa12adea5e298"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}