{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/cost-effective-data-feeds-to-blockchains-via","title":"Cost-Effective Data Feeds to Blockchains via Workload-Adaptive Data Replication","arxiv_id":"1911.04078","date":"2019-11-11","proceeding":null,"authors":["Kai Li","Yuzhe Tang","Jiaqi Chen","Zhehu Yuan","Cheng Xu","Jianliang Xu"],"abstract":"Feeding external data to a blockchain, a.k.a. data feed, is an essential task to enable blockchain interoperability and support emerging cross-domain applications, notably stablecoins. Given the data-intensive feeds in real life (e.g., high-frequency price updates) and the high cost in using blockchain, namely Gas, it is imperative to reduce the Gas cost of data feeds. Motivated by the constant-changing workloads in finance and other applications, this work focuses on designing a dynamic, workload-aware approach for cost effectiveness in Gas. This design space is understudied in the existing blockchain research which has so far focused on static data placement. This work presents GRuB, a cost-effective data feed that dynamically replicates data between the blockchain and an off-chain cloud storage. GRuB's data replication is workload-adaptive by monitoring the current workload and making online decisions w.r.t. data replication. A series of online algorithms are proposed that achieve the bounded worst-case cost in blockchain's Gas. GRuB runs the decision-making components on the untrusted cloud off-chain for lower Gas costs, and employs a security protocol to authenticate the data transferred between the blockchain and cloud. The overall GRuB system can autonomously achieve low Gas costs with changing workloads. We built a GRuB prototype functional with Ethereum and Google LevelDB, and supported real applications in stablecoins. Under real workloads collected from the Ethereum contract-call history and mixed workloads of YCSB, we systematically evaluate GRuB's cost which shows a saving of Gas by 10% ~ 74%, with comparison to the baselines of static data-placement.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.04078v3","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1911.04078v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"cost-effective-data-feeds-to-blockchains-via","repo_url":"https://github.com/syracuse-fullstacksecurity/GRuB","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}