{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/concordance-and-discordance-in-cosmology","title":"Concordance and Discordance in Cosmology","arxiv_id":"1806.04649","date":"2018-06-12","proceeding":null,"authors":["Marco Raveri","Wayne Hu"],"abstract":"The success of present and future cosmological studies is tied to the ability to detect discrepancies in complex data sets within the framework of a cosmological model. Tensions caused by the presence of unknown systematic effects need to be isolated and corrected to increase the overall accuracy of parameter constraints, while discrepancies due to new physical phenomena need to be promptly identified. We develop a full set of estimators of internal and mutual agreement and disagreement, whose strengths complement each other. These allow to take into account the effect of prior information and compute the statistical significance of both tensions and confirmatory biases. We apply them to a wide range of state of the art cosmological probes and show that these estimators can be easily used, regardless of model and data complexity. We derive a series of results that show that discrepancies indeed arise within the standard LCDM model. Several of them exceed the probability threshold of 95% and deserve a dedicated effort to understand their origin.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.04649v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.04649v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"concordance-and-discordance-in-cosmology","repo_url":"https://github.com/mraveri/tensiometer","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"concordance-and-discordance-in-cosmology","repo_url":"https://github.com/mraveri/tension_tools","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}