{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/boosting-supermassive-black-hole-growth-in","title":"Boosting Supermassive Black Hole Growth in the Early Universe by Fuzzy Dark Matter Solitons","arxiv_id":"2501.09098","date":"2025-01-15","proceeding":null,"authors":["H. -H. Sandy Chiu","Hsi-Yu Schive","Hsiang-Yi Karen Yang","Hsinhao Huang","Massimo Gaspari"],"abstract":"Observations of massive supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the early universe challenge existing black hole formation models. We propose that soliton cores in fuzzy dark matter (FDM) offer a potential solution to this timing problem. Our FDM cosmological zoom-in simulations confirm that for a particle mass $m_{\\rm FDM}\\sim 10^{-22}~{\\rm eV}$, solitons are well developed at redshift $z \\sim 7$ with masses of $\\sim10^9~M_\\odot$, comparable to the observed SMBHs. We then demonstrate using hydrodynamic simulations that, compared to cold dark matter, these high-$z$ massive FDM solitons with mass $M_s$ can provide additional gravitational potential to accrete gas and boost the Bondi accretion rate of a growing black hole seed with mass $M_{\\rm BH}$ by up to two to four orders of magnitude, in the regime of efficient cooling and negligible radiation pressure. This accretion boosting mechanism is effective for $10^{-22}~{\\rm eV} \\lesssim m_{\\rm FDM} \\lesssim 10^{-20}~{\\rm eV}$ and potentially beyond as long as $M_s > M_{\\rm BH}$. The simulation code GAMER is accessible at https://github.com/gamer-project/gamer.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09098v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09098v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"boosting-supermassive-black-hole-growth-in","repo_url":"https://github.com/gamer-project/gamer","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}