{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/beyond-outlining-heterogeneous-recursive","title":"Beyond Outlining: Heterogeneous Recursive Planning for Adaptive Long-form Writing with Language Models","arxiv_id":"2503.08275","date":"2025-03-11","proceeding":null,"authors":["Ruibin Xiong","Yimeng Chen","Dmitrii Khizbullin","Mingchen Zhuge","Jürgen Schmidhuber"],"abstract":"Long-form writing agents require flexible integration and interaction across information retrieval, reasoning, and composition. Current approaches rely on predetermined workflows and rigid thinking patterns to generate outlines before writing, resulting in constrained adaptability during writing. In this paper we propose a general agent framework that achieves human-like adaptive writing through recursive task decomposition and dynamic integration of three fundamental task types, i.e. retrieval, reasoning, and composition. Our methodology features: 1) a planning mechanism that interleaves recursive task decomposition and execution, eliminating artificial restrictions on writing workflow; and 2) integration of task types that facilitates heterogeneous task decomposition. Evaluations on both fiction writing and technical report generation show that our method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art approaches across all automatic evaluation metrics, which demonstrate the effectiveness and broad applicability of our proposed framework.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.08275v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.08275v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"beyond-outlining-heterogeneous-recursive","repo_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"form","task_name":"Form"},{"task_slug":"information-retrieval","task_name":"Information Retrieval"},{"task_slug":"retrieval","task_name":"Retrieval"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2503.08275","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2503.08275"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"deterministic:regex_extraction","url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE","reach":null}],"summary":{"ran":1,"unverified":5},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":6,"ran":1,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":6,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"f14d02e64873b84f","entry":"Memory","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"f14d02e64873b84f"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"63e7a61822a3d002","entry":"GraphRunEngine","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"63e7a61822a3d002"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"e64ad76cb61733d3","entry":"InfoNode","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"e64ad76cb61733d3"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"14d5235f13024983","entry":"NodeType","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"14d5235f13024983"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"3a558107e07983fd","entry":"TaskStatus","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"3a558107e07983fd"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"2ed2adf4fe930a1d","entry":"display_plan","repo":"principia-ai/WriteHERE","repo_kind":"official","path":"recursive/engine.py","file_url":"https://github.com/principia-ai/WriteHERE/blob/HEAD/recursive/engine.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"2ed2adf4fe930a1d"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}