{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/beyond-one-to-one-rethinking-the-referring","title":"Beyond One-to-One: Rethinking the Referring Image Segmentation","arxiv_id":"2308.13853","date":"2023-08-26","proceeding":"ICCV 2023 1","authors":["Yutao Hu","Qixiong Wang","Wenqi Shao","Enze Xie","Zhenguo Li","Jungong Han","Ping Luo"],"abstract":"Referring image segmentation aims to segment the target object referred by a natural language expression. However, previous methods rely on the strong assumption that one sentence must describe one target in the image, which is often not the case in real-world applications. As a result, such methods fail when the expressions refer to either no objects or multiple objects. In this paper, we address this issue from two perspectives. First, we propose a Dual Multi-Modal Interaction (DMMI) Network, which contains two decoder branches and enables information flow in two directions. In the text-to-image decoder, text embedding is utilized to query the visual feature and localize the corresponding target. Meanwhile, the image-to-text decoder is implemented to reconstruct the erased entity-phrase conditioned on the visual feature. In this way, visual features are encouraged to contain the critical semantic information about target entity, which supports the accurate segmentation in the text-to-image decoder in turn. Secondly, we collect a new challenging but realistic dataset called Ref-ZOM, which includes image-text pairs under different settings. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on different datasets, and the Ref-ZOM-trained model performs well on various types of text inputs. Codes and datasets are available at https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13853v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.13853v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"beyond-one-to-one-rethinking-the-referring","repo_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/ris-dmmi","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"decoder","task_name":"Decoder"},{"task_slug":"image-segmentation","task_name":"Image Segmentation"},{"task_slug":"image-to-text","task_name":"Image to text"},{"task_slug":"semantic-segmentation","task_name":"Semantic Segmentation"},{"task_slug":"sentence","task_name":"Sentence"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"fail","method_name":"fail"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2308.13853","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2308.13853","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2308.13853"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/ris-dmmi","reach":{"status":"ok"}},{"provenance":"deterministic:regex_extraction","url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","reach":{"status":"ok"}}],"summary":{"ran_fixture":1,"ran":5,"ran_honours":1,"ran_draft_wrong":2,"unverified":4},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":13,"ran":9,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":13,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"144d10b49baeb8a6","entry":"window_partition","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"lib/backbone.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/lib/backbone.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran_fixture","verification_level":2,"contract_check":"RAISES","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":true,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"144d10b49baeb8a6"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"b239247b87d4f3dc","entry":"find_pruneable_heads_and_indices","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling_utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"b239247b87d4f3dc"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"d08f324f950148de","entry":"gelu","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling.py","link_basis":"plan_row","language":"python","status":"ran_honours","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"HONOURS","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":true,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"d08f324f950148de"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"5842ee67106321d6","entry":"get_activation","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling.py","link_basis":"plan_row","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"OUTPUT_MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"5842ee67106321d6"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"22b41155e451683b","entry":"mish","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling_bert.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling_bert.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":true,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"22b41155e451683b"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"452475fb6da97402","entry":"pad_if_smaller","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"transforms.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/transforms.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"452475fb6da97402"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"b3ee64494a3b6d38","entry":"prune_conv1d_layer","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling_utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"b3ee64494a3b6d38"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"a37615738b3ddcd3","entry":"prune_linear_layer","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling_utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling_utils.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran","verification_level":1,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"a37615738b3ddcd3"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"61bf152e6a42a184","entry":"window_reverse","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"lib/backbone.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/lib/backbone.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"invariant","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"61bf152e6a42a184"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"7a437a829041ee13","entry":"dmmi_res","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"lib/segmentation.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/lib/segmentation.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"7a437a829041ee13"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"6d20e15ac43f4f86","entry":"dmmi_swin","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"lib/segmentation.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/lib/segmentation.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"6d20e15ac43f4f86"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"50958618b65e514e","entry":"get_assignment_map_from_checkpoint","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"50958618b65e514e"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"fb9398de2966d6de","entry":"load_tf_weights_in_bert","repo":"toggle1995/RIS-DMMI","repo_kind":"official","path":"bert/modeling_bert.py","file_url":"https://github.com/toggle1995/RIS-DMMI/blob/HEAD/bert/modeling_bert.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"fb9398de2966d6de"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}