{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/are-multimodal-models-robust-to-image-and","title":"Benchmarking Robustness of Multimodal Image-Text Models under Distribution Shift","arxiv_id":"2212.08044","date":"2022-12-15","proceeding":null,"authors":["JieLin Qiu","Yi Zhu","Xingjian Shi","Florian Wenzel","Zhiqiang Tang","Ding Zhao","Bo Li","Mu Li"],"abstract":"Multimodal image-text models have shown remarkable performance in the past few years. However, evaluating robustness against distribution shifts is crucial before adopting them in real-world applications. In this work, we investigate the robustness of 12 popular open-sourced image-text models under common perturbations on five tasks (image-text retrieval, visual reasoning, visual entailment, image captioning, and text-to-image generation). In particular, we propose several new multimodal robustness benchmarks by applying 17 image perturbation and 16 text perturbation techniques on top of existing datasets. We observe that multimodal models are not robust to image and text perturbations, especially to image perturbations. Among the tested perturbation methods, character-level perturbations constitute the most severe distribution shift for text, and zoom blur is the most severe shift for image data. We also introduce two new robustness metrics (\\textbf{MMI} for MultiModal Impact score and \\textbf{MOR} for Missing Object Rate) for proper evaluations of multimodal models. We hope our extensive study sheds light on new directions for the development of robust multimodal models. More details can be found on the project webpage: \\url{https://MMRobustness.github.io}.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08044v3","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.08044v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"are-multimodal-models-robust-to-image-and","repo_url":"https://github.com/jielin-qiu/mm_robustness","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"benchmarking","task_name":"Benchmarking"},{"task_slug":"image-captioning","task_name":"Image Captioning"},{"task_slug":"image-generation","task_name":"Image Generation"},{"task_slug":"image-text-retrieval","task_name":"Image-text Retrieval"},{"task_slug":"retrieval","task_name":"Retrieval"},{"task_slug":"text-retrieval","task_name":"Text Retrieval"},{"task_slug":"text-to-image-generation-1","task_name":"Text to Image Generation"},{"task_slug":"text-to-image-generation","task_name":"Text-to-Image Generation"},{"task_slug":"visual-entailment","task_name":"Visual Entailment"},{"task_slug":"visual-reasoning","task_name":"Visual Reasoning"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2212.08044","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2212.08044"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. 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