{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/an-llm-free-multi-dimensional-benchmark-for","title":"AMBER: An LLM-free Multi-dimensional Benchmark for MLLMs Hallucination Evaluation","arxiv_id":"2311.07397","date":"2023-11-13","proceeding":null,"authors":["Junyang Wang","Yuhang Wang","Guohai Xu","Jing Zhang","Yukai Gu","Haitao Jia","Jiaqi Wang","Haiyang Xu","Ming Yan","Ji Zhang","Jitao Sang"],"abstract":"Despite making significant progress in multi-modal tasks, current Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) encounter the significant challenge of hallucinations, which may lead to harmful consequences. Therefore, evaluating MLLMs' hallucinations is becoming increasingly important in model improvement and practical application deployment. Previous works are limited in high evaluation costs (e.g., relying on humans or advanced LLMs) and insufficient evaluation dimensions (e.g., types of tasks and hallucinations). In this paper, we propose an LLM-free multi-dimensional benchmark AMBER, which can be used to evaluate both generative task and discriminative task including existence, attribute and relation hallucination. Based on AMBER, we design a low-cost and efficient evaluation pipeline. Additionally, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation and detailed analysis of mainstream MLLMs including GPT-4V(ision), and also give guideline suggestions for mitigating hallucinations. The data and code of AMBER are available at https://github.com/junyangwang0410/AMBER.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07397v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.07397v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"an-llm-free-multi-dimensional-benchmark-for","repo_url":"https://github.com/junyangwang0410/amber","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"attribute","task_name":"Attribute"},{"task_slug":"hallucination","task_name":"Hallucination"},{"task_slug":"hallucination-evaluation","task_name":"Hallucination Evaluation"},{"task_slug":"object","task_name":"Object"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2311.07397","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2311.07397"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/junyangwang0410/amber","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"Apache-2.0"}}],"summary":{"unverified":1},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":1,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"15f527ec966e7806","entry":"extract_nouns","repo":"junyangwang0410/amber","repo_kind":"official","path":"inference.py","file_url":"https://github.com/junyangwang0410/amber/blob/HEAD/inference.py","link_basis":"harvester_set","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"Apache-2.0","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"15f527ec966e7806"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}