{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/an-analysis-of-negation-in-natural-language","title":"An Analysis of Negation in Natural Language Understanding Corpora","arxiv_id":"2203.08929","date":"2022-03-16","proceeding":"ACL 2022 5","authors":["Md Mosharaf Hossain","Dhivya Chinnappa","Eduardo Blanco"],"abstract":"This paper analyzes negation in eight popular corpora spanning six natural language understanding tasks. We show that these corpora have few negations compared to general-purpose English, and that the few negations in them are often unimportant. Indeed, one can often ignore negations and still make the right predictions. Additionally, experimental results show that state-of-the-art transformers trained with these corpora obtain substantially worse results with instances that contain negation, especially if the negations are important. We conclude that new corpora accounting for negation are needed to solve natural language understanding tasks when negation is present.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.08929v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.08929v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"an-analysis-of-negation-in-natural-language","repo_url":"https://github.com/mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"natural-language-understanding","task_name":"Natural Language Understanding"},{"task_slug":"negation","task_name":"Negation"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2203.08929","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2203.08929","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2203.08929"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu","reach":null}],"summary":{"ran_draft_wrong":1,"ran_honours":1},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":2,"ran":2,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":2,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"c6d63accbcc68eb7","entry":"token_lens_to_idxs","repo":"mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu","repo_kind":"official","path":"cue-detector/module/model.py","file_url":"https://github.com/mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu/blob/HEAD/cue-detector/module/model.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"OUTPUT_MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"deterministic","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c6d63accbcc68eb7"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"a14a46f0f9ee1d33","entry":"token_lens_to_offsets","repo":"mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu","repo_kind":"official","path":"cue-detector/module/model.py","file_url":"https://github.com/mosharafhossain/negation-and-nlu/blob/HEAD/cue-detector/module/model.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_honours","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"HONOURS","metamorphic_tier":"well_formed","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"NONE","inline_ok":false,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"a14a46f0f9ee1d33"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}