{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/a-unified-three-state-model-framework-for","title":"A Unified Three-State Model Framework for Analysis of Treatment Crossover in Survival Trials","arxiv_id":"2401.17008","date":"2024-01-30","proceeding":null,"authors":["Zile Zhao","Ye Li","Xiaodong Luo","Ray Bai"],"abstract":"We present a unified three-state model (TSM) framework for evaluating treatment effects in clinical trials in the presence of treatment crossover. Researchers have proposed diverse methodologies to estimate the treatment effect that would have hypothetically been observed if treatment crossover had not occurred. However, there is little work on understanding the connections between these different approaches from a statistical point of view. The proposed TSM framework unifies existing methods, effectively identifying potential biases, model assumptions, and inherent limitations for each method. This can guide researchers in understanding when these methods are appropriate and choosing a suitable approach for their data. The TSM framework also facilitates the creation of new methods to adjust for confounding effects from treatment crossover. To illustrate this capability, we introduce a new imputation method that falls under its scope. Through simulation experiments, we demonstrate the performance of different approaches for estimating the treatment effects. Codes for implementing the methods within the TSM framework are available at https://github.com/JasonZhao111/TSM.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.17008v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.17008v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"a-unified-three-state-model-framework-for","repo_url":"https://github.com/jasonzhao111/tsm","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}