{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/a-formal-proof-of-the-irrationality-of-z-3-in","title":"A Formal Proof of the Irrationality of $ζ(3)$ in Lean 4","arxiv_id":"2503.07625","date":"2025-02-28","proceeding":null,"authors":["Junqi Liu","Jujian Zhang","Lihong Zhi"],"abstract":"We formalize a proof of the irrationality of $\\zeta(3)$ in Lean 4, using Beukers' method. To support this, we extend the Lean mathematical library (Mathlib) by formalizing shifted Legendre polynomials and important results in analytic number theory that were previously missing. As part of the Lean 4 PrimeNumberTheoremAnd project, we also formalize the asymptotic behavior of the prime counting function, giving the first formal proof in Lean 4 of a version of the Prime Number Theorem with an error term which is stronger than what had previously been formalized. This result is a crucial ingredient in proving the irrationality of $\\zeta(3)$. Our complete Lean 4 formalization is publicly available on GitHub.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.07625v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.07625v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"a-formal-proof-of-the-irrationality-of-z-3-in","repo_url":"https://github.com/ahhwuhu/zeta_3_irrational","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}