{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/190807724","title":"Restricted Recurrent Neural Networks","arxiv_id":"1908.07724","date":"2019-08-21","proceeding":null,"authors":["Enmao Diao","Jie Ding","Vahid Tarokh"],"abstract":"Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and its variations such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), have become standard building blocks for learning online data of sequential nature in many research areas, including natural language processing and speech data analysis. In this paper, we present a new methodology to significantly reduce the number of parameters in RNNs while maintaining performance that is comparable or even better than classical RNNs. The new proposal, referred to as Restricted Recurrent Neural Network (RRNN), restricts the weight matrices corresponding to the input data and hidden states at each time step to share a large proportion of parameters. The new architecture can be regarded as a compression of its classical counterpart, but it does not require pre-training or sophisticated parameter fine-tuning, both of which are major issues in most existing compression techniques. Experiments on natural language modeling show that compared with its classical counterpart, the restricted recurrent architecture generally produces comparable results at about 50\\% compression rate. In particular, the Restricted LSTM can outperform classical RNN with even less number of parameters.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.07724v4","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.07724v4.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"190807724","repo_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"language-modeling","task_name":"Language Modeling"},{"task_slug":"language-modelling","task_name":"Language Modelling"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"lstm","method_name":"LSTM"},{"method_slug":"sigmoid-activation","method_name":"Sigmoid Activation"},{"method_slug":"tanh-activation","method_name":"Tanh Activation"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/1908.07724","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1908.07724","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.07724"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":9},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":9,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"c37e20d42c55a32a","entry":"check_integrity","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/datasets/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/datasets/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c37e20d42c55a32a"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"e2022ae008215798","entry":"dict_to_device","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"e2022ae008215798"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"c82599e5b607127a","entry":"fetch_dataset","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/data.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/data.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c82599e5b607127a"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"ce3f6616d3f105f8","entry":"load","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"ce3f6616d3f105f8"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"7bc0666f503dda02","entry":"make_bar_updater","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/datasets/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/datasets/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"7bc0666f503dda02"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"85afbfb4e512d555","entry":"map_label","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/process.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/process.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"85afbfb4e512d555"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"db14e8c503156aae","entry":"ntuple","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"db14e8c503156aae"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"4edbc8d9f69c2ee4","entry":"parse_summary","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/summary.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/summary.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"4edbc8d9f69c2ee4"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"dc24a8a7904fcbcb","entry":"show_result","repo":"diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/process.py","file_url":"https://github.com/diaoenmao/Restricted-Recurrent-Neural-Networks/blob/HEAD/src/process.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"dc24a8a7904fcbcb"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}