{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/190600966","title":"Wotan: Comprehensive time-series de-trending in Python","arxiv_id":"1906.00966","date":"2019-06-03","proceeding":null,"authors":["Michael Hippke","Trevor J. David","Gijs D. Mulders","René Heller"],"abstract":"The detection of transiting exoplanets in time-series photometry requires the removal or modeling of instrumental and stellar noise. While instrumental systematics can be reduced using methods such as pixel level decorrelation, removing stellar trends while preserving transit signals proves challenging. Due to vast archives of light curves from recent transit surveys, there is a strong need for accurate automatic detrending, without human intervention. A large variety of detrending algorithms are in active use, but their comparative performance for transit discovery is unexplored. We benchmark all commonly used detrending methods against hundreds of Kepler, K2, and TESS planets, selected to represent the most difficult cases for systems with small planet-to-star radius ratios. The full parameter range is explored for each method to determine the best choices for planet discovery. We conclude that the ideal method is a time-windowed slider with an iterative robust location estimator based on Tukey's biweight. This method recovers 99% and 94% of the shallowest Kepler and K2 planets, respectively. We include an additional analysis for young stars with extreme variability and conclude they are best treated using a spline-based method with a robust Huber estimator. All stellar detrending methods explored are available for public use in wotan, an open-source Python package on GitHub (see https://github.com/hippke/wotan).","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.00966v1","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.00966v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"190600966","repo_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1906.00966","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1906.00966"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":7},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":7,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"01a7fdd8cf3dd062","entry":"cleaned_array","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/helpers.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/helpers.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"01a7fdd8cf3dd062"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"e3c50951c66e87d4","entry":"detrend_huber_spline","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/huber_spline.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/huber_spline.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"e3c50951c66e87d4"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"d8fb94c8933786d2","entry":"estimate_location","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/norms.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/norms.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"d8fb94c8933786d2"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"2d927bff9cb5acf7","entry":"get_gaps_indexes","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/gaps.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/gaps.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"2d927bff9cb5acf7"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"4f6e83315977f1c2","entry":"huber","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/norms.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/norms.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"4f6e83315977f1c2"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"1e596b55414c3b26","entry":"ramsay","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/norms.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/norms.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"1e596b55414c3b26"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"92666b0ed3d54ac6","entry":"transit_mask","repo":"hippke/wotan","repo_kind":"official","path":"wotan/helpers.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hippke/wotan/blob/HEAD/wotan/helpers.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"92666b0ed3d54ac6"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}