{"url":"/method/pause","slug":"pause","name":"PAUSE","full_name":"PAUSE","full_name_withheld":false,"description_markdown":"**PAUSE**, or **Positive and Annealed Unlabeled Sentence Embedding**, is an approach for learning sentence embeddings from a partially labeled dataset. It is based on a dual encoder schema that is widely adopted in supervised sentence embedding training. Each individual sample $\\mathbf{x}$ contains a pair of hypothesis and premise sentences $(x\\_{i},x^{\\prime}_{i})$, each of which is fed into a pretrained encoder (e.g. [BERT](https://paperswithcode.com/method/bert)). As shown in Figure, the two encoders are identical during the training by sharing their weights.","description_state":"present","introduced_year":null,"introduced_by":{"title":null,"paper":null,"first_author":null,"n_authors":0,"url_abs":null,"archive_paper_url":null},"source":{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03155v1","title":"PAUSE: Positive and Annealed Unlabeled Sentence Embedding","url_on_a_paper_host":true},"code_snippet_url":null,"code_snippet_url_on_a_code_host":false,"categories":[{"area":"Natural Language Processing","area_id":"natural-language-processing","collection":"Sentence Embeddings","url":"/methods/category/sentence-embeddings","pwc_aliases":[]}],"n_papers_tagged":2,"archive_num_papers":null,"papers_newest_first":[{"paper":"/paper/pause-low-latency-and-privacy-aware-active","title":"PAUSE: Low-Latency and Privacy-Aware Active User Selection for Federated Learning","date":"2025-03-17","arxiv_id":"2503.13173","n_code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/pause-positive-and-annealed-unlabeled","title":"PAUSE: Positive and Annealed Unlabeled Sentence Embedding","date":"2021-09-07","arxiv_id":"2109.03155","n_code_links":1,"syntology":{"ran":2,"of":2,"unverified":0,"pointer_only":0}}],"papers_shown":2,"tasks":[{"task":"/task/federated-learning","name":"Federated Learning","papers":1},{"task":"/task/sentence","name":"Sentence","papers":1},{"task":"/task/sentence-embedding","name":"Sentence Embedding","papers":1},{"task":"/task/sentence-embeddings","name":"Sentence Embeddings","papers":1},{"task":"/task/sentence-embedding-1","name":"Sentence-Embedding","papers":1}],"tasks_shown":5,"n_tasks":5,"usage_by_year":[{"year":"2021","papers":1},{"year":"2025","papers":1}],"row_source":"embedded","archive":{"source":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","archive_url":"https://paperswithcode.com/method/pause"},"syntology_read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00"}