{"url":"/method/meena","slug":"meena","name":"Meena","full_name":"Meena","full_name_withheld":false,"description_markdown":"**Meena** is a multi-turn open-domain chatbot trained end-to-end on data mined and filtered from public domain social media conversations. This 2.6B parameter neural network is simply trained to minimize perplexity of the next token. A seq2seq model is used with the Evolved [Transformer](https://paperswithcode.com/method/transformer) as the main architecture. The model is trained on multi-turn conversations where the input sequence is all turns of the context and the output sequence is the response.","description_state":"present","introduced_year":null,"introduced_by":{"title":"Towards a Human-like Open-Domain Chatbot","paper":"/paper/towards-a-human-like-open-domain-chatbot","first_author":"Daniel Adiwardana","n_authors":11,"url_abs":null,"archive_paper_url":"https://paperswithcode.com/paper/towards-a-human-like-open-domain-chatbot"},"source":{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.09977v3","title":"Towards a Human-like Open-Domain Chatbot","url_on_a_paper_host":true},"code_snippet_url":null,"code_snippet_url_on_a_code_host":false,"categories":[{"area":"Natural Language Processing","area_id":"natural-language-processing","collection":"Open-Domain Chatbots","url":"/methods/category/open-domain-chatbots","pwc_aliases":[]},{"area":"Natural Language Processing","area_id":"natural-language-processing","collection":"Conversational Models","url":"/methods/category/conversational-models","pwc_aliases":[]}],"n_papers_tagged":3,"archive_num_papers":3,"papers_newest_first":[{"paper":null,"title":"How \"open\" are the conversations with open-domain chatbots? A proposal for Speech Event based evaluation","date":"2022-11-24","arxiv_id":"2211.13560","n_code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":null,"title":"Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Training","date":"2021-04-21","arxiv_id":"2104.10350","n_code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/towards-a-human-like-open-domain-chatbot","title":"Towards a Human-like Open-Domain Chatbot","date":"2020-01-27","arxiv_id":"2001.09977","n_code_links":2,"syntology":{"ran":1,"of":2,"unverified":1,"pointer_only":2}}],"papers_shown":3,"tasks":[{"task":"/task/chatbot","name":"Chatbot","papers":2},{"task":"/task/architecture-search","name":"Neural Architecture Search","papers":1},{"task":"/task/scheduling","name":"Scheduling","papers":1},{"task":"/task/specificity","name":"Specificity","papers":1}],"tasks_shown":4,"n_tasks":4,"usage_by_year":[{"year":"2020","papers":1},{"year":"2021","papers":1},{"year":"2022","papers":1}],"row_source":"methods_table","archive":{"source":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","archive_url":"https://paperswithcode.com/method/meena"},"syntology_read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00"}