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Moreover, the local search stage helps this algorithm escape low-accuracy solutions and improve exploitation and convergence. The performance of INFO was evaluated in 48 mathematical test functions, and five constrained engineering test cases including optimal design of 10-reservoir system and 4-reservoir system. According to the literature, the results demonstrate that INFO outperforms other basic and advanced methods in terms of exploration and exploitation. In the case of engineering problems, the results indicate that the INFO can converge to 0.99% of the global optimum solution. Hence, the INFO algorithm is a promising tool for optimal designs in optimization problems, which stems from the considerable efficiency of this algorithm for optimizing constrained cases. The source codes of INFO algorithm are publicly available at \r\nhttps://aliasgharheidari.com/INFO.html","description_state":"present","introduced_year":null,"introduced_by":{"title":null,"paper":null,"first_author":null,"n_authors":0,"url_abs":null,"archive_paper_url":null},"source":{"url":null,"title":null,"url_on_a_paper_host":false},"code_snippet_url":"https://aliasgharheidari.com/INFO.html","code_snippet_url_on_a_code_host":false,"categories":[{"area":"General","area_id":"general","collection":"Stochastic Optimization","url":"/methods/category/stochastic-optimization","pwc_aliases":[]}],"n_papers_tagged":36,"archive_num_papers":36,"papers_newest_first":[{"paper":null,"title":"Semantic Communication-Enabled Cloud-Edge-End-collaborative Metaverse Services Architecure","date":"2025-03-08","arxiv_id":"2506.10001","n_code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":null,"title":"Plant in Cupboard, Orange on Rably, Inat Aphone. 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