{"url":"/dataset/multimnist","name":"MultiMNIST","full_name":null,"description_markdown":"The **MultiMNIST** dataset is generated from MNIST. The training and tests are generated by overlaying a digit on top of another digit from the same set (training or test) but different class. Each digit is shifted up to 4 pixels in each direction resulting in a 36×36 image. Considering a digit in a 28×28 image is bounded in a 20×20 box, two digits bounding boxes on average have 80% overlap. For each digit in the MNIST dataset 1,000 MultiMNIST examples are generated, so the training set size is 60M and the test set size is 10M.\r\n\r\nSource: [https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09829.pdf](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09829.pdf)\r\nImage Source: [Sabour et al](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09829v2.pdf)","description_withheld":null,"homepage":"","introduced_date":"2017-01-01","introduced_date_note":null,"introduced_by":{"paper":"/paper/dynamic-routing-between-capsules","title":"Dynamic Routing Between Capsules","first_author":"Sara Sabour","url":null},"license":{"name":"Unknown","url":null},"modalities":[{"name":"Images","url":"/datasets/modality/images"}],"tasks":[{"name":"Image Classification","url":"/task/image-classification","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/image-classification"}],"languages":[],"variants":["MultiMNIST"],"data_loaders":[],"num_papers_in_archive":52,"source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28"},"benchmarks":[{"leaderboard":"/sota/image-classification-on-multimnist","task":"Image Classification","dataset_variant":"MultiMNIST","rows":1,"metrics":["Percentage error"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"CapsNet","paper":"/paper/dynamic-routing-between-capsules","metrics":{"Percentage error":"5.2"},"code_links":[{"title":"labmlai/annotated_deep_learning_paper_implementations","url":"https://github.com/labmlai/annotated_deep_learning_paper_implementations"},{"title":"naturomics/CapsNet-Tensorflow","url":"https://github.com/naturomics/CapsNet-Tensorflow"},{"title":"Sarasra/models","url":"https://github.com/Sarasra/models"},{"title":"XifengGuo/CapsNet-Keras","url":"https://github.com/XifengGuo/CapsNet-Keras"},{"title":"gram-ai/capsule-networks","url":"https://github.com/gram-ai/capsule-networks"},{"title":"adambielski/capsnet-pytorch","url":"https://github.com/adambielski/capsnet-pytorch"},{"title":"naturomics/CapsLayer","url":"https://github.com/naturomics/CapsLayer"},{"title":"lalonderodney/SegCaps","url":"https://github.com/lalonderodney/SegCaps"},{"title":"EscVM/Efficient-CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/EscVM/Efficient-CapsNet"},{"title":"www0wwwjs1/Matrix-Capsules-EM-Tensorflow","url":"https://github.com/www0wwwjs1/Matrix-Capsules-EM-Tensorflow"},{"title":"soskek/dynamic_routing_between_capsules","url":"https://github.com/soskek/dynamic_routing_between_capsules"},{"title":"JunYeopLee/capsule-networks","url":"https://github.com/JunYeopLee/capsule-networks"},{"title":"glassroom/heinsen_routing","url":"https://github.com/glassroom/heinsen_routing"},{"title":"danielhavir/capsule-network","url":"https://github.com/danielhavir/capsule-network"},{"title":"anastasios-stamoulis/deep-learning-with-csharp-and-cntk","url":"https://github.com/anastasios-stamoulis/deep-learning-with-csharp-and-cntk"},{"title":"laubonghaudoi/CapsNet_guide_PyTorch","url":"https://github.com/laubonghaudoi/CapsNet_guide_PyTorch"},{"title":"Riroaki/CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/Riroaki/CapsNet"},{"title":"Cheng-Lin-Li/SegCaps","url":"https://github.com/Cheng-Lin-Li/SegCaps"},{"title":"hli2020/nn_encapsulation","url":"https://github.com/hli2020/nn_encapsulation"},{"title":"hli2020/nn_capsulation","url":"https://github.com/hli2020/nn_capsulation"},{"title":"yechengxi/LightCapsNet","url":"https://github.com/yechengxi/LightCapsNet"},{"title":"dragen1860/CapsNet-Pytorch","url":"https://github.com/dragen1860/CapsNet-Pytorch"},{"title":"ethanleet/CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/ethanleet/CapsNet"},{"title":"YushiChen/Conv-Caps-HSI-Classification","url":"https://github.com/YushiChen/Conv-Caps-HSI-Classification"},{"title":"Soonhwan-Kwon/capsnet.mxnet","url":"https://github.com/Soonhwan-Kwon/capsnet.mxnet"},{"title":"dedhiaparth98/capsule-network","url":"https://github.com/dedhiaparth98/capsule-network"},{"title":"laodar/tf_capsnet","url":"https://github.com/laodar/tf_capsnet"},{"title":"ameliajimenez/capsule-networks-medical-data-challenges","url":"https://github.com/ameliajimenez/capsule-networks-medical-data-challenges"},{"title":"chucooleg/capsnet_for_ner","url":"https://github.com/chucooleg/capsnet_for_ner"},{"title":"ecstayalive/Degenerate-capsule-neural-network","url":"https://github.com/ecstayalive/Degenerate-capsule-neural-network"},{"title":"sharathsarangmath/Vector-Capsule-Network-for-wild-animal-species-recognition-in-Camera-trap-images.","url":"https://github.com/sharathsarangmath/Vector-Capsule-Network-for-wild-animal-species-recognition-in-Camera-trap-images."},{"title":"sharathsarangmath/Vector-Capsule-Network-for-wild-animal-species-recognition-in-Camera-trap-images","url":"https://github.com/sharathsarangmath/Vector-Capsule-Network-for-wild-animal-species-recognition-in-Camera-trap-images"},{"title":"jelifysh/Capsule-Networks","url":"https://github.com/jelifysh/Capsule-Networks"},{"title":"Reatris/Capsule_Net","url":"https://github.com/Reatris/Capsule_Net"},{"title":"noureldinalaa/Capsule-Networks","url":"https://github.com/noureldinalaa/Capsule-Networks"},{"title":"JeremyCCHsu/CapsNet-tf","url":"https://github.com/JeremyCCHsu/CapsNet-tf"},{"title":"grassknoted/CDAE4InfoExtraction","url":"https://github.com/grassknoted/CDAE4InfoExtraction"},{"title":"lauromoraes/capsnet-promoter","url":"https://github.com/lauromoraes/capsnet-promoter"},{"title":"southworkscom/CapsNet-CNTK","url":"https://github.com/southworkscom/CapsNet-CNTK"},{"title":"pruthvip98/Image-Forgery-Detection","url":"https://github.com/pruthvip98/Image-Forgery-Detection"},{"title":"starsky68/capsnet_blk_prune","url":"https://github.com/starsky68/capsnet_blk_prune"},{"title":"akanimax/capsule-network-TensorFlow","url":"https://github.com/akanimax/capsule-network-TensorFlow"},{"title":"jihyeonseong/cardiocaps","url":"https://github.com/jihyeonseong/cardiocaps"},{"title":"dolaram/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-using-Capsule-Network","url":"https://github.com/dolaram/Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-using-Capsule-Network"},{"title":"DanielLongo/CapsGAN","url":"https://github.com/DanielLongo/CapsGAN"},{"title":"JSerowik/Masters_Thesis","url":"https://github.com/JSerowik/Masters_Thesis"},{"title":"Suraj-Panwar/Capsule_Network_based_Deep_Q_learning","url":"https://github.com/Suraj-Panwar/Capsule_Network_based_Deep_Q_learning"},{"title":"jwzhanggy/isocapsnet","url":"https://github.com/jwzhanggy/isocapsnet"},{"title":"Ugenteraan/CapsNet-PyTorch","url":"https://github.com/Ugenteraan/CapsNet-PyTorch"},{"title":"leoniloris/CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/leoniloris/CapsNet"},{"title":"Utkarsh87/Capsule-Networks","url":"https://github.com/Utkarsh87/Capsule-Networks"},{"title":"Ugenteraan/CapsNet-MNIST-TF","url":"https://github.com/Ugenteraan/CapsNet-MNIST-TF"},{"title":"bhneo/Capsnet-Experiments","url":"https://github.com/bhneo/Capsnet-Experiments"},{"title":"bdsaglam/CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/bdsaglam/CapsNet"},{"title":"Oushesh/CapsClassifigner","url":"https://github.com/Oushesh/CapsClassifigner"},{"title":"mshaikh2/GANs_Comparison","url":"https://github.com/mshaikh2/GANs_Comparison"},{"title":"shashankmanjunath/capsnet","url":"https://github.com/shashankmanjunath/capsnet"},{"title":"OwenLeng/pytorch-capsule","url":"https://github.com/OwenLeng/pytorch-capsule"},{"title":"44825762/MyCapsNet","url":"https://github.com/44825762/MyCapsNet"},{"title":"dshelukh/CapsuleLearner","url":"https://github.com/dshelukh/CapsuleLearner"},{"title":"im-ant/Capsules-Guys","url":"https://github.com/im-ant/Capsules-Guys"},{"title":"dolaram/Capsule-Network-for-MNIST-classification","url":"https://github.com/dolaram/Capsule-Network-for-MNIST-classification"},{"title":"dudyu/capsnet","url":"https://github.com/dudyu/capsnet"},{"title":"sahil02235/CAPSULE-NETWORK-IMPLEMENTATION","url":"https://github.com/sahil02235/CAPSULE-NETWORK-IMPLEMENTATION"},{"title":"yikuide/pytorch-capsule","url":"https://github.com/yikuide/pytorch-capsule"},{"title":"jwwandy/DynamicRoutingBetweenCapsules-PyTorch","url":"https://github.com/jwwandy/DynamicRoutingBetweenCapsules-PyTorch"},{"title":"ecstayalive/capsule_nn","url":"https://github.com/ecstayalive/capsule_nn"},{"title":"Egesabanci/capsuleNetworks","url":"https://github.com/Egesabanci/capsuleNetworks"},{"title":"MS-Mind/MS-Code-07","url":"https://github.com/MS-Mind/MS-Code-07"},{"title":"razvanalex/CapsLayer","url":"https://github.com/razvanalex/CapsLayer"},{"title":"arnomoonens/capsule-networks","url":"https://github.com/arnomoonens/capsule-networks"},{"title":"DanielLongo/CapsNet-PyTorch","url":"https://github.com/DanielLongo/CapsNet-PyTorch"},{"title":"kazukiii/caps-net-pytorch","url":"https://github.com/kazukiii/caps-net-pytorch"},{"title":"Colonel-Hathi/CapsNet-Treemap-Perception-Trafficsign","url":"https://github.com/Colonel-Hathi/CapsNet-Treemap-Perception-Trafficsign"},{"title":"arsenzaryan/CapsNet","url":"https://github.com/arsenzaryan/CapsNet"},{"title":"leekh7411/Capsule-Network-MNIST-Visualization","url":"https://github.com/leekh7411/Capsule-Network-MNIST-Visualization"},{"title":"Ian-Liao/SegCaps","url":"https://github.com/Ian-Liao/SegCaps"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"}],"papers_with_a_benchmark_row":[{"paper":"/paper/dynamic-routing-between-capsules","title":"Dynamic Routing Between Capsules","date":"2017-10-26","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":77,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":118,"samples_ran":18,"samples_unverified":100,"pointer_only_for_licence":12,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}}],"syntology_totals":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","papers_with_samples":1,"samples_harvested":118,"samples_ran":18,"samples_unverified":100,"pointer_only_for_licence":12,"papers_with_no_sample_that_ran":0,"note":"the per-paper counts above, summed; not a rate"},"papers_note":"The archive never published its papers-using-dataset list; these are papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks."}