{"url":"/dataset/ms-2","name":"MS^2","full_name":"Multi-Document Summarization of Medical Studies","description_markdown":"**MS^2** (Multi-Document Summarization of Medical Studies) is a dataset of over 470k documents and 20k summaries derived from the scientific literature. This dataset facilitates the development of systems that can assess and aggregate contradictory evidence across multiple studies, and is one of the first large-scale, publicly available multi-document summarization dataset in the biomedical domain.","description_withheld":null,"homepage":"https://github.com/allenai/ms2","introduced_date":"2021-04-13","introduced_date_note":null,"introduced_by":{"paper":"/paper/ms2-multi-document-summarization-of-medical","title":"MS2: Multi-Document Summarization of Medical Studies","first_author":"Jay DeYoung","url":null},"license":{"name":"Unknown","url":null},"modalities":[{"name":"Texts","url":"/datasets/modality/texts"}],"tasks":[{"name":"Multi-Document Summarization","url":"/task/multi-document-summarization","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/multi-document-summarization"},{"name":"Scientific Document Summarization","url":"/task/scientific-article-summarization","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/scientific-article-summarization"}],"languages":[{"name":"English","url":"/datasets/language/english"}],"variants":["MS^2"],"data_loaders":[{"repo":"https://github.com/allenai/ms2","url":"https://github.com/allenai/ms2","frameworks":["pytorch"]}],"num_papers_in_archive":4,"source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28"},"benchmarks":[{"leaderboard":"/sota/multi-document-summarization-on-ms-2","task":"Multi-Document Summarization","dataset_variant":"MS^2","rows":1,"metrics":["BertScoreF1"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"led-base-16384-ms2","paper":"/paper/exploring-the-challenges-of-open-domain-multi","metrics":{"BertScoreF1":"0.8693"},"code_links":[]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"}],"papers_with_a_benchmark_row":[{"paper":"/paper/exploring-the-challenges-of-open-domain-multi","title":"Open Domain Multi-document Summarization: A Comprehensive Study of Model Brittleness under Retrieval","date":"2022-12-20","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null}],"syntology_totals":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","papers_with_samples":0,"samples_harvested":0,"samples_ran":0,"samples_unverified":0,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"papers_with_no_sample_that_ran":0,"note":"the per-paper counts above, summed; not a rate"},"papers_note":"The archive never published its papers-using-dataset list; these are papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks."}