{"url":"/dataset/iam","name":"IAM","full_name":"IAM Handwriting","description_markdown":"The **IAM** database contains 13,353 images of handwritten lines of text created by 657 writers. The texts those writers transcribed are from the Lancaster-Oslo/Bergen Corpus of British English. It includes contributions from 657 writers making a total of 1,539 handwritten pages comprising of 115,320 words and is categorized as part of modern collection. The database is labeled at the sentence, line, and word levels.\r\n\r\nSource: [Measuring Human Perception to Improve Handwritten Document Transcription](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.03734)\r\nImage Source: [https://fki.tic.heia-fr.ch/databases/iam-handwriting-database](https://fki.tic.heia-fr.ch/databases/iam-handwriting-database)","description_withheld":null,"homepage":"https://fki.tic.heia-fr.ch/databases/iam-handwriting-database","introduced_date":"2018-02-20","introduced_date_note":null,"introduced_by":{"paper":null,"title":"The IAM-database: an English sentence database for offline handwriting recognition","first_author":null,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s100320200071"},"license":{"name":"Custom (research-only, non-commercial, attribution)","url":"https://fki.tic.heia-fr.ch/databases/iam-handwriting-database#:~:text=Terms%20of%20Use"},"modalities":[],"tasks":[{"name":"Optical Character Recognition (OCR)","url":"/task/optical-character-recognition","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/optical-character-recognition"},{"name":"Handwritten Text Recognition","url":"/task/handwritten-text-recognition","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/handwritten-text-recognition"},{"name":"Handwriting Recognition","url":"/task/handwriting-recognition","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/handwriting-recognition"},{"name":"Data Augmentation","url":"/task/data-augmentation","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/data-augmentation"},{"name":"HTR","url":"/task/htr","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/htr"}],"languages":[{"name":"Thai","url":"/datasets/language/thai"}],"variants":["IAM"],"data_loaders":[],"num_papers_in_archive":198,"source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28"},"benchmarks":[{"leaderboard":"/sota/handwritten-text-recognition-on-iam","task":"Handwritten Text Recognition","dataset_variant":"IAM","rows":17,"metrics":["CER","WER"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"DTrOCR 105M","paper":"/paper/dtrocr-decoder-only-transformer-for-optical","metrics":{"CER":"2.38"},"code_links":[{"title":"arvindrajan92/DTrOCR","url":"https://github.com/arvindrajan92/DTrOCR"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"}],"papers_with_a_benchmark_row":[{"paper":"/paper/htr-vt-handwritten-text-recognition-with","title":"HTR-VT: Handwritten Text Recognition with Vision Transformer","date":"2024-09-13","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":2,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/dtrocr-decoder-only-transformer-for-optical","title":"DTrOCR: Decoder-only Transformer for Optical Character Recognition","date":"2023-08-30","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/easter2-0-improving-convolutional-models-for","title":"Easter2.0: Improving convolutional models for handwritten text recognition","date":"2022-05-30","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/trocr-transformer-based-optical-character","title":"TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Models","date":"2021-09-21","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":8,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":6,"samples_ran":0,"samples_unverified":6,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/rethinking-text-line-recognition-models","title":"Rethinking Text Line Recognition Models","date":"2021-04-15","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/full-page-handwriting-recognition-via-image","title":"Full Page Handwriting Recognition via Image to Sequence Extraction","date":"2021-03-11","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":5,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/end-to-end-handwritten-paragraph-text","title":"End-to-end Handwritten Paragraph Text Recognition Using a Vertical Attention Network","date":"2020-12-07","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/pay-attention-to-what-you-read-non-recurrent","title":"Pay Attention to What You Read: Non-recurrent Handwritten Text-Line Recognition","date":"2020-05-26","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/decoupled-attention-network-for-text","title":"Decoupled Attention Network for Text Recognition","date":"2019-12-21","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":5,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/no-padding-please-efficient-neural","title":"No Padding Please: Efficient Neural Handwriting Recognition","date":"2019-02-28","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/start-follow-read-end-to-end-full-page","title":"Start, Follow, Read: End-to-End Full-Page Handwriting Recognition","date":"2018-09-01","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null}],"syntology_totals":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","papers_with_samples":1,"samples_harvested":6,"samples_ran":0,"samples_unverified":6,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"papers_with_no_sample_that_ran":1,"note":"the per-paper counts above, summed; not a rate"},"papers_note":"The archive never published its papers-using-dataset list; these are papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks."}