{"url":"/dataset/aflw2000-3d","name":"AFLW2000-3D","full_name":null,"description_markdown":"**AFLW2000-3D** is a dataset of 2000 images that have been annotated with image-level 68-point 3D facial landmarks. This dataset is used for evaluation of 3D facial landmark detection models. The head poses are very diverse and often hard to be detected by a CNN-based face detector.\r\n\r\nSource: [https://www.tensorflow.org/datasets/catalog/aflw2k3d](https://www.tensorflow.org/datasets/catalog/aflw2k3d)\r\nImage Source: [http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/projects/3DDFA/main.htm](http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/projects/3DDFA/main.htm)","description_withheld":null,"homepage":"http://www.cbsr.ia.ac.cn/users/xiangyuzhu/projects/3DDFA/main.htm","introduced_date":"2016-01-01","introduced_date_note":null,"introduced_by":{"paper":"/paper/face-alignment-across-large-poses-a-3d","title":"Face Alignment Across Large Poses: A 3D Solution","first_author":"Xiangyu Zhu","url":null},"license":{"name":"Unknown","url":null},"modalities":[{"name":"Images","url":"/datasets/modality/images"},{"name":"3D","url":"/datasets/modality/3d"}],"tasks":[{"name":"3D Face Reconstruction","url":"/task/3d-face-reconstruction","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/3d-face-reconstruction"},{"name":"Face Alignment","url":"/task/face-alignment","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/face-alignment"},{"name":"Facial Landmark Detection","url":"/task/facial-landmark-detection","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/facial-landmark-detection"},{"name":"Head Pose Estimation","url":"/task/head-pose-estimation","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/head-pose-estimation"},{"name":"Face Swapping","url":"/task/face-swapping","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/face-swapping"},{"name":"3D Facial Landmark Localization","url":"/task/3d-facial-landmark-localization","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/3d-facial-landmark-localization"},{"name":"3D Face Alignment","url":"/task/3d-face-alignment","datasets_with_task":"/datasets/task/3d-face-alignment"}],"languages":[],"variants":["AFLW2000","AFLW2000-3D"],"data_loaders":[{"repo":"https://github.com/tensorflow/datasets","url":"https://www.tensorflow.org/datasets/catalog/aflw2k3d","frameworks":["tf","jax"]}],"num_papers_in_archive":117,"source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28"},"benchmarks":[{"leaderboard":"/sota/head-pose-estimation-on-aflw2000","task":"Head Pose Estimation","dataset_variant":"AFLW2000","rows":25,"metrics":["MAE","MAE_t","Geodesic Error (GE)","MAEV"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"OpNet","paper":"/paper/on-the-power-of-data-augmentation-for-head","metrics":{"Geodesic Error (GE)":"5.23","MAE":"3.15"},"code_links":[{"title":"opentrack/neuralnet-tracker-traincode","url":"https://github.com/opentrack/neuralnet-tracker-traincode"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"},{"leaderboard":"/sota/face-alignment-on-aflw2000-3d","task":"Face Alignment","dataset_variant":"AFLW2000-3D","rows":14,"metrics":["Balanced NME (2D Sparse Alignment)","Mean NME(3D Dense Alignment)"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"MNN+OR (reannotated)","paper":"/paper/multi-task-head-pose-estimation-in-the-wild-1","metrics":{"Balanced NME (2D Sparse Alignment)":"2.58%"},"code_links":[{"title":"bobetocalo/bobetocalo_pami20","url":"https://github.com/bobetocalo/bobetocalo_pami20"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"},{"leaderboard":"/sota/3d-face-reconstruction-on-aflw2000-3d","task":"3D Face Reconstruction","dataset_variant":"AFLW2000-3D","rows":8,"metrics":["Mean NME ","Mean NME"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"SADRNet","paper":"/paper/sadrnet-self-aligned-dual-face-regression","metrics":{"Mean NME ":"3.25%"},"code_links":[{"title":"MCG-NJU/SADRNet","url":"https://github.com/MCG-NJU/SADRNet"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"},{"leaderboard":"/sota/face-alignment-on-aflw2000","task":"Face Alignment","dataset_variant":"AFLW2000","rows":5,"metrics":["Error rate"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"MNN+ORB (Reannotated)","paper":"/paper/multi-task-head-pose-estimation-in-the-wild-1","metrics":{"Error rate":"2.58"},"code_links":[{"title":"bobetocalo/bobetocalo_pami20","url":"https://github.com/bobetocalo/bobetocalo_pami20"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; nothing here re-ranks them"},{"leaderboard":"/sota/face-swapping-on-aflw2000-3d","task":"Face Swapping","dataset_variant":"AFLW2000-3D","rows":4,"metrics":["ID retrieval","exp embedding L2","pose"],"first_row_in_archive_order":{"model":"FaceDancer (Config A)","paper":"/paper/facedancer-pose-and-occlusion-aware-high","metrics":{"ID retrieval":"98.5","exp embedding L2":"7.07","pose":"14.97"},"code_links":[{"title":"felixrosberg/facedancer","url":"https://github.com/felixrosberg/facedancer"}]},"note":"rows are the archive's own order at snapshot; 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nothing here re-ranks them"}],"papers_with_a_benchmark_row":[{"paper":"/paper/on-the-power-of-data-augmentation-for-head","title":"On the power of data augmentation for head pose estimation","date":"2024-07-07","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/on-the-representation-and-methodology-for-1","title":"On the representation and methodology for wide and short range head pose estimation","date":"2024-01-11","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/2d-image-head-pose-estimation-via-latent","title":"2D Image head pose estimation via latent space regression under occlusion settings","date":"2023-11-10","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/towards-robust-and-unconstrained-full-range","title":"Towards Robust and Unconstrained Full Range of Rotation Head Pose Estimation","date":"2023-09-14","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":2,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/dsfnet-dual-space-fusion-network-for-1","title":"DSFNet: Dual Space Fusion Network for Occlusion-Robust 3D Dense Face Alignment","date":"2023-05-19","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/an-intuitive-and-unconstrained-2d-cube","title":"An Intuitive and Unconstrained 2D Cube Representation for Simultaneous Head Detection and Pose Estimation","date":"2022-12-07","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/an-effective-deep-network-for-head-pose","title":"An Effective Deep Network for Head Pose Estimation without Keypoints","date":"2022-10-25","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/facedancer-pose-and-occlusion-aware-high","title":"FaceDancer: Pose- and Occlusion-Aware High Fidelity Face Swapping","date":"2022-10-19","rows_on_this_dataset":4,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/dad-3dheads-a-large-scale-dense-accurate-and","title":"DAD-3DHeads: A Large-scale Dense, Accurate and Diverse Dataset for 3D Head Alignment from a Single Image","date":"2022-04-07","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/6d-rotation-representation-for-unconstrained","title":"6D Rotation Representation For Unconstrained Head Pose Estimation","date":"2022-02-25","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":2,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":8,"samples_ran":5,"samples_unverified":3,"pointer_only_for_licence":3,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/a-data-driven-approach-to-improve-3d-head","title":"A Data-Driven Approach to Improve 3D Head-Pose Estimation","date":"2022-01-01","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/synergy-between-3dmm-and-3d-landmarks-for","title":"Synergy between 3DMM and 3D Landmarks for Accurate 3D Facial Geometry","date":"2021-10-19","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":4,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/sadrnet-self-aligned-dual-face-regression","title":"SADRNet: Self-Aligned Dual Face Regression Networks for Robust 3D Dense Face Alignment and Reconstruction","date":"2021-06-06","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":1,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":8,"samples_ran":0,"samples_unverified":8,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/learning-free-form-deformation-for-3d-face","title":"Learning Free-Form Deformation for 3D Face Reconstruction from In-The-Wild Images","date":"2021-05-31","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/pre-training-strategies-and-datasets-for","title":"Pre-training strategies and datasets for facial representation learning","date":"2021-03-30","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":2,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/multi-task-head-pose-estimation-in-the-wild-1","title":"Multi-task head pose estimation in-the-wild","date":"2020-12-22","rows_on_this_dataset":3,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/img2pose-face-alignment-and-detection-via","title":"img2pose: Face Alignment and Detection via 6DoF, Face Pose Estimation","date":"2020-12-14","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":2,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/towards-fast-accurate-and-stable-3d-dense-1","title":"Towards Fast, Accurate and Stable 3D Dense Face Alignment","date":"2020-09-21","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":3,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":10,"samples_ran":6,"samples_unverified":4,"pointer_only_for_licence":3,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/whenet-real-time-fine-grained-estimation-for","title":"WHENet: Real-time Fine-Grained Estimation for Wide Range Head Pose","date":"2020-05-20","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":4,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/fsa-net-learning-fine-grained-structure","title":"FSA-Net: Learning Fine-Grained Structure Aggregation for Head Pose Estimation From a Single Image","date":"2019-06-01","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/adversarial-learning-semantic-volume-for-2d","title":"Adversarial Learning Semantic Volume for 2D/3D Face Shape Regression in the Wild","date":"2019-04-19","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/joint-3d-face-reconstruction-and-dense-face","title":"3D Face Reconstruction from A Single Image Assisted by 2D Face Images in the Wild","date":"2019-03-22","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":2,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/hybrid-coarse-fine-classification-for-head","title":"Hybrid coarse-fine classification for head pose estimation","date":"2019-01-21","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/hierarchical-binary-cnns-for-landmark","title":"Hierarchical binary CNNs for landmark localization with limited resources","date":"2018-08-14","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/deep-multi-center-learning-for-face-alignment","title":"Deep Multi-Center Learning for Face Alignment","date":"2018-08-05","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/nonlinear-3d-face-morphable-model","title":"Nonlinear 3D Face Morphable Model","date":"2018-04-11","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/face-alignment-in-full-pose-range-a-3d-total","title":"Face Alignment in Full Pose Range: A 3D Total Solution","date":"2018-04-02","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":2,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":3,"samples_ran":2,"samples_unverified":1,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/joint-3d-face-reconstruction-and-dense","title":"Joint 3D Face Reconstruction and Dense Alignment with Position Map Regression Network","date":"2018-03-21","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":4,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":10,"samples_ran":0,"samples_unverified":10,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/joint-voxel-and-coordinate-regression-for","title":"Joint Voxel and Coordinate Regression for Accurate 3D Facial Landmark Localization","date":"2018-01-28","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/fine-grained-head-pose-estimation-without","title":"Fine-Grained Head Pose Estimation Without Keypoints","date":"2017-10-02","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":14,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":3,"samples_ran":3,"samples_unverified":0,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/dense-face-alignment","title":"Dense Face Alignment","date":"2017-09-05","rows_on_this_dataset":2,"code_links":1,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/faster-than-real-time-facial-alignment-a-3d","title":"Faster Than Real-time Facial Alignment: A 3D Spatial Transformer Network Approach in Unconstrained Poses","date":"2017-07-18","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/how-far-are-we-from-solving-the-2d-3d-face","title":"How far are we from solving the 2D & 3D Face Alignment problem? (and a dataset of 230,000 3D facial landmarks)","date":"2017-03-21","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":8,"syntology":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","samples_harvested":15,"samples_ran":4,"samples_unverified":11,"pointer_only_for_licence":0,"claim":"Per-sample execution on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim."}},{"paper":"/paper/face-alignment-across-large-poses-a-3d","title":"Face Alignment Across Large Poses: A 3D Solution","date":"2015-11-23","rows_on_this_dataset":4,"code_links":0,"syntology":null},{"paper":"/paper/one-millisecond-face-alignment-with-an","title":"One Millisecond Face Alignment with an Ensemble of Regression Trees","date":"2014-06-01","rows_on_this_dataset":1,"code_links":0,"syntology":null}],"syntology_totals":{"read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","papers_with_samples":7,"samples_harvested":57,"samples_ran":20,"samples_unverified":37,"pointer_only_for_licence":6,"papers_with_no_sample_that_ran":2,"note":"the per-paper counts above, summed; not a rate"},"papers_note":"The archive never published its papers-using-dataset list; these are papers with a leaderboard row on this dataset's benchmarks."}